It can be said that there are very few years with as many difficulties affecting agricultural production as 2022. At the beginning of the year, severe cold lasted for a long time, in the middle of the year, the southwest winds increased strongly, causing severe drought, at the end of the year, due to the influence of storm No. 4, the northeast monsoon caused widespread flooding and flash floods in Ky Son district, then African swine fever, ... In addition, the prices of fertilizers, seeds, animal feed, pesticides ...; especially the sudden increase in gasoline prices has increased the production and business costs of people, especially fishermen going out to sea to catch aquatic and seafood products.
Overcoming difficulties, the entire political system of Nghe An focused on directing and farmers in the whole province actively produced, resulting in a comprehensive harvest in the winter-spring and summer-autumn crops. The yield of rice for the whole year and some industrial crops and fruit trees increased quite well, the herd of buffalo, dairy cows and poultry continued to grow, the total herd increased compared to the same period last year.
The concentrated forest planting area exceeded the plan, with forest coverage reaching 58.41%. The whole year's aquatic product output increased quite well, including both aquatic product exploitation and aquaculture output. The idyllic landscape of the Western Nghe An region is more beautiful thanks to the golden orange gardens, the vast tea hills, and the vast acacia forests...
Agriculture is one of the potentials and strengths of Nghe An, because the province has a large agricultural land area in the top of the country (1,249,176 hectares), of which there are about 13,000 hectares of fertile basalt land. Agricultural land is distributed in mountainous, midland, and coastal plain areas, so it is possible to identify and select the production of valuable agricultural products. However, in general, the productivity of many crops has not been invested in intensive cultivation to have higher productivity, especially the province does not have agricultural products for export with large volumes as desired.
The Party Central Committee issued Resolution No. 19-NQ/TW dated June 16, 2022 on “agriculture, farmers, and rural areas by 2030, with a vision to 2045” with clear orientations for “developing effective and sustainable agriculture in an ecological direction, applying advanced science and technology, improving quality and added value”. “Regarding cultivation, converting crop structure to suit market advantages and demand, adapting to climate change, forming specialized, large-scale production areas. Innovating policies on management and use of rice-growing land in a flexible and effective manner; converting ineffective rice-growing land to more effective crop and livestock production,…”.
Based on that orientation, it is hoped that the province will soon direct a review of agricultural land with inefficient production (including rice land) in order to convert crops with high productivity and quality for more effective processing and export such as pineapple, banana, etc. Regarding livestock, the Central Resolution sets out "developing high-tech industrial livestock farming, supporting environmentally friendly farm and household livestock farming. Resolutely relocate livestock facilities out of concentrated residential areas".
That is a very correct orientation, Nghe An needs to have policies to encourage businesses, cooperatives, and farm owners to invest in development. Regarding aquaculture, the resolution sets out the need to "develop aquaculture at sea and on land in an industrial and ecological direction". In the province, there are effective models of shrimp farming in floating tanks, industrial fish farming, etc., which need to be popularized and replicated to have large output associated with processing for export.
Regarding forestry, the Central Government requires “strengthening management, protection, development of forests, restoration of natural forests associated with biodiversity conservation, landscape protection, and ecological environment”. Particularly, about 190,000 hectares of planted forests, mainly hybrid acacia, are currently used for greening, preventing erosion, improving soil, and as raw materials for the wood products processing industry. The investment is not high but the value on the land is low (about 10 million VND/ha/year). The province needs to re-study the area suitable for the slope of the hills and mountains to convert part of it to fruit tree planting, which will be more effective.
