Promoting citizens' rights in the election of People's Council deputies at all levels

(Baonghean) - Looking back at the results of the election of People's Council (PC) deputies at all levels for the 2011-2016 term, it can be seen that citizens in the province are highly aware of their rights and obligations, so they actively participated from the stage of introducing candidates to the stage of voting.

In the election of People's Council deputies at all levels for the 2011-2016 term, Nghe An province had 25 constituencies for provincial People's Council deputies; 225 constituencies for district People's Council deputies with 3,952 polling stations. The voter turnout rate reached 98.3%, with some units having a voter turnout rate of 100%. The election atmosphere was exciting, and the election day truly became a political festival for voters in the province.

The introduction of candidates and self-nominations is carried out seriously on the basis of structure, standards, and number of delegates through the Consultation Conference, from which the selection is made to officially select candidates for People's Council delegates. During that process, local citizens actively participated in the Voter Conferences to contribute opinions, comments, and express their trust in candidates for People's Council delegates at all levels. Some voters in the province requested, verified, and clarified a number of cases related to candidates for People's Council delegates such as the issue of asset declaration, the performance of the candidate's work, or the candidate's violation of the population and family planning policy... All cases were verified, clarified, and responded to by competent authorities. As a result, the election elected 85 provincial People's Council delegates (of which: 15 women, accounting for 17.6%; 14 ethnic minorities, accounting for 16.5%; 3 young people, accounting for 3.5%); 783 district-level People's Council delegates (of which: 219 women, accounting for 28%; 148 ethnic minorities, accounting for 18.9%; 131 young people, accounting for 16.73%; 2 units had to hold additional elections); 12,441 commune-level People's Council delegates (of which: 2,841 women, accounting for 23.01%; 2,510 ethnic minorities, accounting for 20.33%; 2,610 young people, accounting for 21.14%; 91 units had to hold additional elections; 3 units had to hold re-elections).

The Provincial People's Council's Legal Committee supervises the issuance of Land Use Right Certificates at the Provincial Land Use Right Registration Center. Photo: Mai Hoa

However, besides the above results, the election revealed some limitations, which are:

Firstly, the work of introducing candidates for People's Council deputies has not received due attention in some places. Some agencies, organizations and units did not introduce candidates or introduced candidates but did not have enough candidates as allocated (Nghe An Handicraft Joint Stock Company and Thanh Thanh Dat Joint Stock Company asked not to introduce candidates because they did not have time to participate; College of Economics and Technology, People's Committee of Kim Son commune, Que Phong district were allocated 2 people but could only introduce 1). Some agencies, units and organizations have not done a good job of introducing candidates, introducing unqualified people, losing prestige, so some electoral units have scattered votes, the percentage of votes of some elected deputies is low; some units have a shortage of deputies (75 commune-level electoral units have a shortage of deputies). Some localities lack candidates for People's Council deputies after the third round of the consultation conference.

Second, the number of self-nominated candidates for People's Councils at all levels is low. After three consultation conferences, no qualified candidates were selected for the provincial and district People's Councils. The number of self-nominated candidates for People's Councils at the commune level is only 88 out of 20,349 candidates (0.43%). Some self-nominated candidates have low citizen trust rates, with some even achieving only 26.6%.

Third, some candidates do not contact voters fully, in some cases they do not participate in election campaigns; some candidates prepare their action plans if elected in a cursory and general manner.

Fourth, in some places, citizens are not fully aware of their rights and obligations in the election, so the voter turnout rate is low (For example: Election Team No. 11 of Yen Na commune in the Ban Ve Hydropower reservoir area only had 4/111 voters go to the polls, reaching a rate of 3.6%); in particular, there are 3 commune People's Council election units that had to re-organize elections due to incidents that occurred but were not resolved in a timely manner, affecting the election results.

Fifth, there is still the situation of proxy voting (in a house with many voters, one person represents the whole family to vote); voting just to get it over with (not caring about the candidate they choose or do not choose) or choosing based on emotions.

On that basis, we recommend a number of issues to improve the law and mechanism to ensure the implementation of citizens' rights to vote and run for election in the locality:

1. Continue to raise citizens' awareness of the right to vote and the right to run for election so that citizens clearly understand the meaning and purpose of participating in elections and running for local state power agencies, which is the people's participation in exercising state power.

2. Expand the range of voters' choices by increasing the number of candidates for a constituency. Article 42 of the Law on Election of People's Council Deputies stipulates: "The number of candidates for People's Council Deputies in constituencies must be at least 2 more than the number of elected representatives in that constituency" but in reality in Nghe An, all constituencies have a minimum surplus of 2 people. The close ratio between elected representatives and candidates narrows the voters' choices, so it will be very difficult to choose truly worthy representatives.

3. Innovate the selection and introduction of candidates for People's Council deputies at all levels in a way that avoids creating too big a gap between one candidate and another. In reality, there are candidates who consider themselves or perceive themselves as just "green soldiers" for other candidates, so the election campaign is just a formality and lacks initiative. The "lifeless" election campaign of candidates makes it difficult to create a "campaign atmosphere", so voters will not feel the "hot" atmosphere of the election. On the other hand, the small participation of self-nominated candidates (for whatever reason) compared to those introduced by agencies and organizations in the election list makes the election seem not really open. Therefore, there should be specific and clear regulations on the order and procedures for self-nomination to create conditions for many people who meet the conditions of candidates to participate in self-nomination.

4. More specific regulations on the standards for People's Council deputies at all levels; clarify the provisions in Clause 3, Article 3 of the current Law "having qualifications and capacity to perform the duties of deputies" to create conditions for citizens to self-assess and evaluate their own abilities when deciding to run for deputies or being nominated by agencies and organizations. On the other hand, regulations and application of regulations on delegate standards and representative structure should ensure harmony between the requirements on delegate standards and the requirements on the structure and composition of deputies. To ensure the quality of deputies, it is necessary to prioritize the standards of deputies first and then consider the requirements to ensure the structure and composition later. Only then, when elected by voters, deputies can perform their duties well and not disappoint the expectations of voters.

5. Adjust to shorten and make more substantial the second consultation step on the preparation of the preliminary list of candidates. The adjustment will reduce some formal steps in the consultation work, and at the same time increase the time for the next steps of the consultation work to be more reasonable while still maintaining the role of the Fatherland Front.

6. Improve the operational capacity of People's Councils at all levels, empower them to truly be state power agencies, representing the will, aspirations and mastery of the people, deciding important local issues. At the same time, there should be a mechanism to create conditions for People's Council delegates to perform their representative role in deciding important local issues. When the activities of People's Councils are no longer formal, when the role of People's Council delegates is respected and affirmed, people will maximize their mastery through the right to vote and the right to run for People's Council delegates at all levels.

An Chung - Thu Nguyen