High yield rice varieties

(Baonghean) - In the spring crop of 2014, Phu Hau Agricultural Cooperative - Dien Tan commune, Dien Chau district imported ZZD 001 rice variety from the Northern Seed Joint Stock Company for people to cultivate. This is a high-yield hybrid rice variety with 3 lines originating from China that has been tested in the northern provinces from the spring crop of 2010 to 2012 and has given good results, high yield, and resistance to some pests and diseases such as: rice blast, leaf blight, light infection of planthoppers, brown spot, stem borers and leaf rollers. This rice variety has been officially recognized as a new agricultural crop variety by the Department of Crop Production. Currently, ZZD 001 rice variety is being monitored for growth, development, yield and some pests and diseases, and at the end of the crop, the economic efficiency per unit area is calculated, the results are as follows:

High yield 3-line hybrid rice variety ZZD 001

* Investing in intensive rice cultivation for 1 sao 500m2: Base fertilizer: 200 kg of manure + 30 kg of NPK 5:10:3 fertilizer. Tillering fertilizer: 1 kg of biofertilizer + 4 kg of nitrogen. Heading fertilizer: 1 kg of biofertilizer + 3 kg of potassium + 1 kg of nitrogen. Water is regulated appropriately during the growth of rice plants.

* Growth and development: Spring crop rice variety ZZD 001 has a growing period from sowing to harvest of 130 days, of which the seedling period is 20 days, transplanting to harvest is 110 days and the rice grows well, tillers strongly, leaves are large and bright green, grows well on low-lying land, rice panicles are large and grains are stacked.

* Pest and disease resistance: Although the spring weather conditions are complicated, in January, February, and March the weather is humid, drizzly with cold air waves, but through monitoring, there has been no occurrence of leaf blast disease (score 0), while other varieties such as BC 15, glutinous rice, Khang Dan, GS9... are all infected with leaf blast disease. In April and May, the weather is hot and sunny with showers and thunderstorms, but leaf blight and neck blast disease still do not appear, other pests such as brown planthoppers, white-backed planthoppers, brown spot, stem borers, and small leaf rollers are slightly infected (scores 1-3). During the season, pesticides are not used for spraying, some farmers use pre-emergent selective herbicides to spray after transplanting.

* Yield components: Measurement results show that the number of flowers/clump is at least 6 flowers/clump, at most 11 flowers/cluster of rice, the number of flowers/m2 ranges from 300 - 320 flowers. The number of solid grains/flower is at least 152, at most 246, with some flowers having 306 solid grains, the rate of empty grains is 8.6%. The weight of 1,000 grains is 32-33 grams. The actual yield is 8.2 quintals/ha (4.1 quintals/500m2).

* Economic calculation: With the current market price of 650,000 VND/quintal, equivalent to 53,300,000 VND/ha. Meanwhile, the cost that people spend includes: herbicides, fertilizers, seeds, and renting plows and harrows, which is 13,248,000 VND/ha (not including the labor of the people). Thus, 1 hectare of ZZD 001 rice yields a profit of 40,052,000 VND (equivalent to 2 million VND/sao). The quality of the rice grains is white, long, the rice is soft, fragrant and sticky. This is a rice variety with high yield potential, easy to cultivate, less susceptible to pests and diseases, especially resistant to blast and leaf blight, thus ensuring the ecological environment, human health and creating favorable conditions for the rice field ecosystem to establish a population of natural enemies to control pests. However, it is necessary to evaluate the ZZD 001 rice variety in the summer-autumn rice crop and on many different soils and ecological regions to have more objective and accurate conclusions to recommend people to use it to bring high economic efficiency per unit area.

Nguyen Huy Khanh

(Plant Protection Center Region 4)