Suspension system - a cushion for car passengers

The suspension system is an important component of a car, connecting the chassis with the four wheels. The main function of the suspension system is to help reduce shock and minimize vertical vibrations, thereby making the car move more smoothly, without shaking or jumping when going over bad roads. In addition, the suspension system also helps ensure the stability and flexibility of the car when changing direction, cornering, accelerating and decelerating.

A basic suspension system consists of three main parts:elasticity, damping and guidance.

The elastic parts on cars today often include many forms such as leaf springs, springs, torsion bars or pneumatic on luxury cars. They have the effect of creating conditions for the wheel to oscillate vertically, ensuring the smoothness of the car when moving.

The second part is the shock absorber, usually today's cars mainly use hydraulic shock absorbers consisting of a piston and cylinder system. In addition, a few cars use mechanical shock absorbers which are leaf springs. This part helps to eliminate the vibration of the wheel and the car body to ensure better wheel grip, helping the car not to shake strongly.

This shock absorber is often called by a more common name, shock absorber or fork. Nowadays, many people often hear that leaf spring shock absorbers are suspension systems using leaf springs. Spring shock absorbers use springs as shock absorbers. In addition, oil shock absorbers, gas shock absorbers or air shock absorbers are different types classified according to the structure of the hydraulic shock absorber.

Finally, the steering system is responsible for receiving, transmitting force and torque between the wheels and the chassis. Based on this, the suspension system is often divided into two main types: independent suspension and dependent suspension. Dependent suspension systems often appear on trucks or pickup trucks. Two wheels are attached to the two ends of a bridge rod, the leaf spring suspension system will be the bridge between the bridge system and the chassis and body of the car.

In addition to trucks, most body-on-frame SUVs and pickups in Vietnam use this type of suspension system, such as the Toyota Fortuner - Hilux, Ford Everest - Ranger, Chevrolet Trailblazer - Colorado, Isuzu Mu-X - D-Max, Nissan Terra - Navara.

However, to increase the value of the car, manufacturers provide special versions with slightly different suspension systems. Ford Ranger Raptor uses Watt connection, which is also a type of dependent suspension system, the shock absorber is a hydraulic shock absorber system from the famous Fox company. In addition, the Nissan Navara EL version also uses a multi-link suspension system, not using leaf springs as usual.

The advantage of the dependent suspension system is its simple structure and few parts. Therefore, maintenance and disassembly for repair will be simpler, and maintenance costs will also be lower. Despite its simple structure, the materials used in this system are often hard and have good load-bearing capacity. That is the reason why this suspension system is often used on trucks, pickup trucks and large SUVs in Vietnam.

However, this suspension system still has inherent disadvantages. Also because it is made from quite hard materials, the car is not smooth, the people in the car will feel bumpy. In addition, when running at high speed, if the driver turns sharply, it will cause the wheel to slip, causing loss of control and possibly leading to an accident.

Mr. Vu