Growing up from the Nghe Tinh Soviet movement, comrade Nguyen Nhu Ky made many contributions to the revolution.

Comrade Nguyen Nhu Ky was born in 1909 in Thuong Long village, Dai Dong commune (now Thanh Van commune), Thanh Chuong district, Nghe An province. Born into a family with a rich revolutionary tradition, his father was Nguyen Nhu Canh, one of the people who actively participated in the Van Than movement against the French in Thanh Chuong, his mother was Nguyen Thi Khuyen, a hard-working woman who took care of farming.

When he was young, Nguyen Nhu Ky was sent by his father to study Chinese characters. In 1926, after his plan to go abroad to Siam failed, Nguyen Nhu Ky was taught revolutionary awareness by comrade Hoang Tang Binh and assigned the task of organizing football teams, farmer support associations, reading progressive books and newspapers, telling current events... through which he could propagate patriotism and revolutionary spirit to the people in the region. Nguyen Nhu Ky was very active, so in 1928, he was admitted to the Tan Viet Party.

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After the Communist Party of Vietnam was born, under the direction of the Central Party Branch in Central Vietnam, on March 20, 1930, the Conference of delegates of Thanh Chuong Communist Party cells was held at Tien Son Temple in Vo Liet Commune (now Thanh Long Commune), Thanh Chuong District. The Conference decided to convert the Indochinese Communist Party cells in the entire district into Communist Party cells of Vietnam. The Conference elected the Provisional Executive Committee of Thanh Chuong District Party Committee, including comrades: Ton Gia Tinh (Secretary); Hoang Thuyet, Ton Thi Que (in charge of transportation); Tran Trach, Nguyen Dinh Thoc, Nguyen Nhu Ky (in charge of propaganda and agitation)...

After the Thanh Chuong Provisional District Party Committee was established, the Central Region Party Committee sent comrade Nguyen Huu Binh to Xuan Lam and Cat Ngan areas to contact outstanding youths to establish Party cells. In a short time, Party cells and farmer associations in the communes were established. Comrade Nguyen Nhu Ky was appointed Secretary of the Dai Dong Party Cell and was assigned by comrade Ton Gia Tinh to manage the District Party Committee's fund to buy paper and ink to print documents and leaflets.

On April 24, 1930, Nghe An Provincial Party Committee held a conference to review Party building work and discuss plans to celebrate International Labor Day on May 1. Immediately afterwards, Thanh Chuong Provisional District Party Committee convened a meeting and decided to hang the hammer and sickle red flag and distribute leaflets throughout the district. Wherever possible, rallies and speeches were held to present demands. The Party's printing agencies urgently printed more documents and leaflets to distribute throughout the district.

On the morning of May 1, 1930, nearly 3,000 farmers from La Mac, Hanh Lam, Nhuan Trach, Yen Lac and Duc Nhuan villages brought spears and spears to Thuong village communal house to listen to the representative of the District Party Committee explain the meaning of International Labor Day. After that, the masses went up to besiege and destroy Ky Vien plantation. Also on that day, under the leadership of comrade Hoang Thuyet and comrade Dinh Xuan Giai, a large number of students from the French-Vietnamese Thanh Chuong school gathered at Ngu Phuc village restaurant (Vo Liet commune) to hold a rally to celebrate International Labor Day. Those struggles were like the signal shots that opened the Soviet movement in Thanh Chuong.

Then, implementing the policy of the District Party Committee, on September 1, 1930, nearly 20,000 Thanh Chuong people rose up to fight under the direct leadership of comrades: Tran Huu Doanh, Nguyen Nhu Ky, Nguyen Lam Yen. From 1:00 a.m. on September 1, 1930, the whole Thanh Chuong was bustling with the sounds of gongs, drums, wooden fish and cheers. The demonstration group of Cat Ngan commune crossed the Giang and Trai rivers to Thanh Nha to join the Vo Liet group. The group of Dai Dong commune led by comrade Nguyen Nhu Ky moved down from Nhuong pagoda.

A part of the Xuan Lam delegation from Con market joined the Xuan Truong delegation... the two delegations Dai Dong and Xuan Lam met at Nguyet Bong ferry. With no ferry to cross (because the enemy had forced all the ferries to Ro ferry), the protestors poured down to the riverbank. Despite the enemy's threats and control, some people bravely rowed a ferry across the river to welcome the delegation. Panicked, the district chief Phan Sy Bang and the station chief Congdo Minat ordered the soldiers to shoot to the left bank of the Lam River, hitting comrade Nguyen Cong Thuong. Boiling with hatred, the masses immediately rushed across the river. Panicked by the fighting spirit of the masses, the district chief and his officials and soldiers fled to Thanh Qua station, the masses destroyed the liquor agency, burned down the district office...

The historic demonstration in Thanh Chuong is considered the starting point marking the first birth of the Nghe Tinh Soviet government. The newspaper Nguoi lao kho wrote: “InThanh Chuong and Nam Dan, no one pays market tax and no one dares to collect it. No one patrols and no soldiers come to guard. Imperialism arrests and eliminates but no one enforces... brothers are free to form associations and demonstrate.”⁽¹⁾.

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After the demonstration on September 1, 1930, the enemy government in many villages was dissolved. The commune agricultural committees took charge of the management of the villages and led the masses to implement the Party's slogans. The Soviets confiscated land and rice, distributed wages to the poor, eliminated superstitious practices, organized classes to teach the people the national language; established Women's Associations, Youth Army, Self-Defense Forces... to protect the demonstrations and maintain order and security in the villages.

During his time working, comrade Nguyen Nhu Ky chose the Nguyen Nhu family church in Dai Dinh village as a meeting place, a place to print Party documents and leaflets, and a place for Party cadres to eat and stay every time they returned to work.

Faced with the strong development of the revolutionary movement in Thanh Chuong, the enemy government sought to terrorize and drown the revolutionary movement in a sea of ​​blood. The French colonialists sent additional troops to Thanh Qua and Rang posts, and established many more posts such as Da Cuong, Xuan Tuong, Bich Thi, Dai Dinh... At this time, the entire Thanh Chuong district had 36 posts and more than 700 soldiers, and established a system of porters and porters from the commune to the village.

At the end of 1931, during his visit to the base, comrade Nguyen Nhu Ky fell into the hands of the enemy. He was arrested and imprisoned at Thanh Qua station, then transferred to Vinh prison. Despite being brutally tortured, the enemy could not subdue the will of the staunch communist soldier. Therefore, the French colonialists and the Southern Court sentenced comrade Nguyen Nhu Ky to 7 years of hard labor and 6 years of house arrest.⁽²⁾, was exiled to Cua Rao, then transferred to Kim Nhan station. In 1933, comrade Nguyen Nhu Ky had his sentence reduced to 3 years in prison. On February 22, 1934, he was released.

After being released from prison and returning to his hometown, he tried to reconnect with the organization and continued to participate in revolutionary activities. At this time, most of the Party bases were destroyed, and most of the Party members were imprisoned in imperialist prisons such as Vinh Prison, Lao Bao Prison, Kon Tum Prison, etc. Comrade Nguyen Nhu Ky discussed with newly released Party members such as Dinh Xuan Giai, Le Minh Tai, Ton Thi Que, etc. to find ways to restore Thanh Chuong District Committee.

At the end of 1935, the Party's base was exposed, Nguyen Nhu Ky and many other comrades in the District Party Committee were arrested again. This time, without trial, the Southern Court of Nghe An province sentenced him to 15 years of hard labor and 15 years of house arrest.⁽³⁾imprisoned in Vinh prison. Here, he continued to actively participate in the struggles against the harsh prison regime launched by the Vinh Prison Party Cell such as: rioting, hunger strikes, shouting slogans...

At the end of 1938, after four reductions in his sentence, Nguyen Nhu Ky was released and placed under local house arrest. Returning home, he found a way to go up Giang River with comrades Le Minh Tai and Pham Hoan to rebuild the revolutionary base.

In May 1945, the Nghe - Tinh inter-provincial Viet Minh Front was established. The mobilization committee sent comrades Vo Mai and Nguyen Nhu Cau to Thanh Chuong to establish contact. Comrade Nguyen Nhu Ky established contact again, received documents from the Viet Minh and was assigned to work with comrade Le Minh Tai to be in charge of the Viet Minh in the Cat Ngan area.

After the success of the August Revolution, comrade Nguyen Nhu Ky was assigned many important tasks such as: establishing and serving as Chairman of the Provisional Committee of Binh Duong Commune; Chairman and Secretary of Dai Dong Commune; Organization Officer of the Party Committee of Zone IV... until 1971, he retired according to the regime. Due to old age and poor health, comrade Nguyen Nhu Ky passed away in 1997, at the age of 88.

With his contributions to the revolutionary cause, comrade Nguyen Nhu Ky was awarded many titles by the Party and State such as: Third-class Resistance Medal, First-class Resistance Medal against America, posthumously awarded the Third-class Independence Medal, posthumously awarded the 65-year Party membership badge and many other noble titles./.

Note

(1) Excerpt from Nguoi Lao Kho newspaper, special issue, published on September 6, 1930, p.4
(2) According to Verdict No. 13 dated January 14, 1932 of the Southern Court - Document kept at the Nghe Tinh Soviet Museum
(3) According to verdict No. 203, dated November 28, 1935 - Document stored at Nghe Tinh Soviet Museum

Nguyen Thi Hoi - Nghe Tinh Soviet Museum