Special notes on the diet of people with Covid-19 and underlying diseases
For each underlying disease, F0 will have a different nutritional regimen. For example, diabetic patients choose and use foods according to the glycemic index of the food, F0 with high blood pressure needs to limit salt intake according to different levels...
About 80%Covid-19 patient20% have no symptoms, the remaining 20% have symptoms ranging from mild to severe. Patients all need to follow a specialized nutritional regimen for each subject to help increase resistance, prevent body exhaustion leading to malnutrition, and even death.
Diet for F0 with underlying diseases
F0 with underlying diseases such as diabetes, high blood pressure, overweight and obesity... In addition to following the doctor's treatment regimen, a medical diet helps limit and slow down the progression of the disease. If the medical diet is not followed correctly and strictly, the use of medication to treat the disease will be less effective.
Each underlying disease will have a different nutritional regimen, so patients need to follow the advice of a nutritionist. For example, diabetic patients should choose and use foods based on the glycemic index of the food.
F0 with high blood pressure need to limit salt intake to different levels such as a low-salt diet of 400-700mg sodium/day/person (about 1-2g salt).
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| People with high blood pressure need to limit salt intake to varying degrees. |
Moderately low-salt diet 800-1,200mg sodium/day/person equivalent (about 2-3g salt/day).
A completely bland diet requires 200-300mg sodium/day/person and this amount of sodium is already sufficient in the food of the meal.
F0 with high blood pressure need to limit salt intake to different levels such as a low-salt diet of 400-700mg sodium/day/person (about 1-2g salt)
Diet for F0 with severe symptoms
Covid-19 patients treated in hospital, nutritional regimen depends on the severity of symptoms and according to the hospital's treatment diet.
If F0 is conscious, he can eat and drink on his own. If F0 has a disorder of consciousness and cannot eat on his own, the diet is fed through a gastric tube or intravenous nutrition.
F0 has impaired consciousness and cannot eat by themselves, so they are fed through a gastric tube or given intravenous nutrition.
Diet for F0 without symptoms
For F0 without symptoms, the diet is like that of a normal healthy person as follows:
Eat enough, eat a variety of foods and combine 15-20 types of food, change foods regularly during the day. Daily meals need to have a balanced combination of animal and vegetable protein sources (meat, fish, eggs, milk, shrimp, crab, seafood... beans, peas...) as well as animal and vegetable fats.
You should use fats from fish, beans, vegetable oils, limit fats from poultry such as chicken, duck... animal meat such as pork, beef... You should use a variety of proteins from many different food sources and even in one animal or plant food source.
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| Diet for F0 without symptoms. |
Limit red meat to 70-80g/day/person such as beef, pork, lamb... increase intake of healthy foods such as fish, seafood, eggs, milk and dairy products, poultry, beans, soybeans and soybean products...
The daily diet for F0 needs to have a balanced ratio between animal and vegetable protein sources as well as animal and vegetable fats.
For adults, animal protein should be consumed at a ratio of about 30%-50% of total protein, the ratio of animal lipid/total lipid should be below 60%. The older you are, the more moderate the amount of animal protein you should eat, and you need to supplement a reasonable amount of protein at a ratio of 1/3 animal protein and 2/3 vegetable protein.
For young children, animal protein is essential for growth and development, so the protein intake should be in the ratio of 2/3 animal protein and 1/3 vegetable protein in each daily meal.
Increase the use of green vegetables and fruits in daily meals, because vegetables and fruits provide antioxidant vitamins and minerals. Vitamins A, C, D, E and minerals such as iron, zinc... play a role in anti-inflammation, anti-infection, improving resistance and immunity. Green vegetables need 300-400g/person/day and ripe fruits 200-300g.
F0 needs to replenish water regularly. For adults, it is necessary to supplement 1.6 - 2.4 liters of water/person/day (equivalent to 8 - 12 glasses).
When preparing meals, you should use additional spices such as onions, garlic, lemongrass, ginger, etc. because in addition to vitamins and minerals, they also contain plant antibiotics. At the same time, ensure food hygiene and safety, eat cooked food, drink boiled water, and eat immediately after cooking.
In addition to ensuring daily water needs, a small number of F0 people may develop cough, fever, pneumonia... leading to dehydration and loss of some electrolytes such as sodium, potassium... so increasing water intake to compensate for the loss of water to help the body recover quickly is very necessary.
The choice of drinks to supplement are drinks such as oresol, coconut water, lemon fruit smoothies, orange juice, grapefruit juice, mango juice, pennywort... In addition to providing water, they also provide vitamins and minerals necessary for the body.
F0 should not use alcohol or beer because it is difficult to monitor the progression of the disease and limit the use of soft drinks and carbonated drinks.