Thung Nham: Discover the largest natural bird sanctuary in Northern Vietnam, located in the heart of the ancient capital of Hoa Lu.
Located in the heart of Trang An, Thung Nham is home to tens of thousands of rare bird species and a system of enchanting caves, offering a unique ecological and spiritual experience.
Thung Nham Ecotourism Area, located in Hai Nham village, Nam Hoa Lu ward, Ninh Binh province, is a typical destination situated within the core of the Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex. Spanning over 300 hectares, it harmoniously combines majestic limestone mountains, picturesque rivers, and a diverse forest ecosystem, creating an ideal space for relaxation and nature exploration.
The largest natural bird sanctuary in Northern Vietnam.
The most impressive highlight at Thung Nham is the natural bird sanctuary located in the middle of Tien Lake, covering 18 hectares. Thanks to the surrounding limestone mountains acting as a windbreak, it has become a safe haven for approximately 46 species of birds with over 5,000 nests. Visitors can encounter familiar species such as egrets, herons, storks, and ducks, as well as rare species listed in the Red Book such as the Common Crane and the Great Hornbill.
The ideal time to admire the bird sanctuary is during the breeding season, from August to April according to the lunar calendar. Every sunset, thousands of birds soar through the sky and perch densely in the bamboo and reed thickets, creating a vibrant and fascinating natural scene.
The magical cave system is steeped in legend.
Besides its diverse wildlife, Thung Nham also boasts caves with enchanting beauty. Most notably is Vai Gioi Cave, located high in the mountains with 439 stone steps. Legend says this was the site where the ancient Hoa Lu capital established an altar to worship heaven. From the cave entrance, visitors can enjoy panoramic views of the majestic mountains and forests of Ninh Binh.
If you love exploring waterways, Hang But Cave is a must-visit. This 500-meter-long underwater cave allows visitors to take a boat ride down the Ben Dang River to admire natural stalactite formations resembling Buddha, fairies, or winding dragons. Additionally, Tien Ca Cave, with its narrow passageways and mystical lighting, is another challenging destination for adventurous explorers.
Cultural and spiritual landmarks in the heart of the heritage site.
Thung Nham boasts not only beautiful natural scenery but also rich cultural values through its spiritual relics. The Gối Đại Temple and Linh Thần Shrine complex is a place of worship for saints and generals who served King Đinh Bộ Lĩnh. Particularly noteworthy is the thousand-year-old banyan tree located next to the ancient shrine, creating a sacred and solemn atmosphere.
Lake Tien, with its consistently high water level throughout the year, also embodies the local people's belief in purification and peace. The combination of pristine landscapes and historical depth has made Thung Nham an unmissable destination when visiting the ancient capital.
Practical information for tourists
- The best time:From August to April of the following year (the peak season for migratory birds).
- Experiential activities:Take a boat trip to visit the Buddha Cave, climb the Vai Gioi Cave mountain, and watch birds at Tien Lake.
- Note:When going into the forest, you should bring comfortable clothing, athletic shoes, and insect repellent.
