Signs that the fetus is experiencing oxygen deprivation.

Some of the following signals from the fetus will let the mother know that the baby is not getting enough oxygen.

1. The main causes that can lead to fetal oxygen deprivation.

- Maternal anemia is a major cause of oxygen deprivation in the fetus. In addition, other factors such as maternal hypertension, carbon monoxide poisoning, and acute infections can also lead to oxygen deprivation in the unborn child.

- A blocked or excessively short placenta, placental knots, or placental dysfunction can also lead to oxygen deprivation in the fetus.

- The fetus has congenital heart disease, internal bleeding, fetal abnormalities, etc.

In addition to the above causes, the fetus grasping or holding too tightly on a section of the umbilical cord, or the mother being in an oxygen-deficient environment during pregnancy, can also cause oxygen deprivation in the fetus.

Depending on the degree of oxygen deprivation, it can affect the fetus to varying degrees, such as low birth weight, premature birth, malnutrition, or, in more severe cases, developmental delays.

- Abnormal fetal movement

When a fetus feels uncomfortable in the womb, it may exhibit unusual behaviors. For example, it may move or kick more frequently.

Fetal movement is a normal physiological activity of the fetus, and fetal sensations can be felt during pregnancy, typically between 18 and 20 weeks. Depending on various conditions, fetal movements can vary in intensity.

Normally, in a quiet environment, the fetus moves gently, while in a stimulating environment, the movements are more vigorous and faster.

However, any changes in fetal movement, such as unusually less or faster movements, are abnormal signs that the mother needs to pay attention to. For example, if the fetus moves less than 10 times/12 hours or more than 40 times/12 hours, it is a very likely sign that the fetus is experiencing oxygen deprivation.

- Abnormal fetal heart rate

Under normal circumstances, the fetal heart rate ranges from 120 to 160 beats per minute. If the fetal heart rate is not within this range, meaning it is beating faster or slower, this is a sign that the baby is experiencing oxygen deprivation.

- Slow fetal growth in the uterus

Uterine height can be monitored to determine if fetal size is normal. Between 21 and 34 weeks of pregnancy, uterine height grows slightly faster. After week 34, growth slows down. If the growth rate is significantly lower than the established criteria, fetal growth restriction should be suspected.

First, the mother needs to find the cause of this condition by going for a check-up to rule out the possibility of fetal abnormalities. Then, pregnant women should rest and lie on their left side to facilitate blood supply to the fetus.

Supplementing with a nutritious diet will help promote fetal development, ensure adequate oxygen supply to the fetus, and minimize the risk of asphyxiation. Increased fetal monitoring is crucial because a baby deprived of oxygen in the womb can suffocate at any time, potentially leading to death.

In addition to the signs mentioned above, a mother's asthma during pregnancy can also lead to fetal oxygen deprivation. If the mother's asthma attacks are frequent, oxygen deprivation will occur more often, leading to miscarriage, stillbirth, or even death of both mother and child if not treated promptly.

According to Tri Thuc Tre - NT