From refugee to president

(Baonghean) - Not many people believe in the scenario of a refugee in the US returning home to win a political victory. Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed is writing a fairy tale in Somalia when he took office as President with the desire to bring changes to this poor and violent country.

Fairy tale

The presidential election in Somalia on February 8th made history. Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed, a Somali-born immigrant who immigrated to the United States and made his living in the country, became the president of this poverty-stricken and war-torn country. His surprising victory was celebrated with camel meat in the capital Mogadishu, and cheers at the New York Department of Transportation office in Buffalo, where he once worked as a clerk.

What makes this victory remarkable is that at the time, a federal court in the United States decided the fate of the immigration ban on people like him. It is all the more surprising that a man steeped in American democratic values ​​would have to confront the corruption, anarchy and terrorism that are rampant in this Horn of Africa country.

Somali President Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed was once an asylum seeker in the US. Photo: Politico

President Mohamed's fairy tale began in 1988 when he was the first secretary of the Somali embassy in Washington DC. He decided it would be too dangerous to return to his country at a time of turmoil, so he applied for asylum in the United States. And for the next 25 years, he worked hard to achieve his goals. He graduated with undergraduate and graduate degrees in history and political science, and then became an immigrant representative. Step by step, he learned the lessons of civil society and management science from the United States, which he knew would be needed for Somalia.

“He always expressed his desire to go back and try to bring peace,” said Joel Giambra, a former county executive in Erie, New York, where Mohamed ran for office. “That was always his ambition.”

In fact, Mohamed never wanted to leave his homeland. He was born into a wealthy and well-connected tribe. His father, who had spent much of his life under Italian colonial rule, was also a government official. Mohamed’s nickname was “Farmaajo,” which means cheese in Italian. After graduating from high school, Mohamed applied for a job in the Somali Foreign Ministry. In 1985, he was sent to Washington, DC, to work at the embassy there. And so the fairy tale began.

Desire for change

Mohamed’s rise to the top of Somalia’s political hierarchy was a process and it happened naturally because of his talent and dedication. Mohamed started from zero when he decided to bring his wife to the United States and settle in Buffalo County, where a Somali community had also chosen to settle here a few years ago. His ability and dedication helped him to be nominated for a small position on the Buffalo County local council.

In 1999, he helped Giambra run for county executive. Three years later, he took a gamble on running for coordinator of the New York Department of Transportation. Over the next eight years, he pushed for anti-discrimination policies and toughened policies against government contractors, which were considered foreign in Somalia, where government jobs depended on tribal membership and land deals.

US Ambassador to Somalia during a meeting with the new Somali President, Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed - a former US official. Photo: SHM

Those who worked with Mohamed during this time describe him as a kind family man. But his ambitions went beyond helping improve minority employment for government contractors.

It was also about defining his political goals in his homeland. So he set out to earn a master’s degree in political science at the State University of New York at Buffalo. His dissertation was titled “America’s Strategic Interests in Somalia.” “We were aware that Mohamed had passions, and his heart was in his homeland,” says Janine Shepherd, who worked with him at the New York Transit Authority. “He was always worried about corruption in Somalia.”

“We would have long conversations about developing countries, where authoritarianism often reigns. We would also discuss what steps we needed to take to move toward democracy,” recalls Professor Donald Grinde, Mohamed’s thesis advisor. They argued at times about different models of democratic governance, military authoritarianism, and religious extremism. “Mohamed understood that democracy was not a perfect process,” Grinde notes, “both in Somalia and in the United States. But I think he figured out that there was a better alternative.”

Mohamed’s academic experiences helped him think about the world’s problems, Somalia’s own, and solutions to violence and poverty. In his thesis, Mohamed identified “Islamic extremists” as the main obstacle to Somalia’s stability. Al-Shabab and other terrorist organizations, he asserted, were enabled by America’s half-hearted engagement in the region.

“The Somali people are victims of colonialism, dictatorship and thugs in the name of the military,” Mohamed wrote. “Now they are at the crossroads of extremist ideologies: on one side is the Christian ideology of George W. Bush, and on the other side is Islamic extremism, which wants to wage holy war on the other side in Iraq, Afghanistan and Somalia. Sadly, the people who suffer the most are those who have nothing to do with these extremist ideologies.”

Phan Tung