(Baonghean.vn) - Fever, swollen lymph nodes, skin rash, weight loss, herpes or genital herpes,... are signs that a person is infected with HIV.
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1. Fever:Fever is one of the earliest and most common signs of HIV infection. Fever can occur soon after HIV infection. Temperatures often exceed 38 degrees Celsius. Patients may experience fever symptoms such as sweating and chills for nearly 2 weeks before the disease goes away. Illustration photo |
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2. Muscle aches and joint pain:HIV is often mistaken for the flu or a viral infection, or even syphilis or hepatitis. Symptoms include pain in the joints and muscles. This symptom can affect daily activities. Illustration photo |
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3. Swollen lymph nodes:The number of swollen lymph nodes. Inflammation or swelling can occur in one or more lymph nodes. The most common areas affected are the neck and armpits. Most of the time, the inflammation or swelling will not cause any discomfort or pain, even when you touch the lymph nodes. Illustration |
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4. Weight loss:Excessive weight loss or “wasting syndrome” is a problem for about 20% of people with HIV. It involves an unexplained loss of 10% or more of normal body weight, plus chronic diarrhea (30 days or more) or fever. Weight loss is a sign of more advanced disease and may be due in part to severe diarrhea. Illustration |
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5. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea:About 30% to 60% of people experience nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea in the early stages of HIV, according to Dr. Malvestutto. These symptoms can also appear during and after antiretroviral therapy, often as a result of opportunistic infections. Illustration photo |
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6. Herpes or genital herpes:Cold sores (oral herpes) and genital herpes can be a sign of both ARS and late-stage HIV infection. On the other hand, having herpes also increases the risk of HIV infection. This is because genital herpes can cause ulcers that make it easier for HIV to enter the body during sex. Illustration photo |
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7. Night sweats:About half of people experience night sweats in the early stages of HIV infection. Similar to hot flashes that occur in menopausal women, these can occur more often later in the infection and are not related to exercise or room temperature. Illustration photo |
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8. Irregular menstruation:Advanced HIV increases the risk of menstrual irregularities, such as fewer and shorter periods. HIV infection also causes early menopause. Illustration photo |
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9. Nail changes:Another sign of late-stage HIV infection is nail changes, such as thickening and curving of the nails, splitting of the nails, or discoloration (black or brown lines either vertically or horizontally). Illustration photo |
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10. Tingling and weakness:Late-stage HIV can also cause numbness and tingling in the hands and feet. This is called peripheral neuropathy, and it also occurs in people with uncontrolled diabetes. “This is when the nerves are actually damaged,” says Dr. Malvestutto. These symptoms can be treated with painkillers and anticonvulsants like Neurontin (gabapentin). Illustration photo. |
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