Mr. Son: Sustainable planning of tea material areas
Anh Son is a large, concentrated industrial tea material area, located in the province's planning area. Based on the tea production situation in recent years, the project to adjust and supplement the development of industrial tea has truly opened up sustainability and new thinking capacity on the future industrial tea tree of Anh Son.
Anh Son is a large, concentrated industrial tea material area, located in the province's planning area. Based on the tea production situation in recent years, the project to adjust and supplement the development of industrial tea has truly opened up sustainability and new thinking capacity on the future industrial tea tree of Anh Son.
Over the past ten years (since 2001), identifying tea as a key economic crop, the district has had timely policies. The District Party Committee, People's Council, and People's Committee have issued a resolution on tea development, focusing on directing planning, assigning annual planning targets, and inspecting and urging.
At the same time, there is an annual support mechanism of 15 VND/hom, interest rate support for tea planting loans with a loan limit of 5 million VND/ha for a support period of 36 months, support for the construction of small dams, support for road construction to tea areas, and management costs. Four tea processing enterprises are Anh Son Black Tea Enterprise, Bai Phu Tea Enterprise, October Tea Enterprise and Hung Son Processing Factory with a total capacity of over 100 tons of fresh tea buds/day (both green tea and black tea). The output of fresh tea buds supplied to the processing factory is from 13-15 thousand tons.
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Training on tea picking techniques for union officials of Hung Son commune (Anh Son) - Photo: Sy Thuan |
With favorable conditions, farmers have attached themselves to tea growing as a new opportunity, taking advantage of terrain conditions, building hundreds of small dams in tea areas, keeping the tea moist like in Hung Son, Phuc Son... Thanks to that, the scale of family tea production (outside the tea factory) has increased rapidly, from 2000 in the district there were only 170 tea growing households, in 2004 there were 1066 households, up to now there are nearly 1500 growing households in 11 communes in the area.
The tea area of communes is over 1000 hectares, accounting for nearly 52%, the enterprises and Nghe An teams account for 48% of the total area. In particular, the opening of new tea areas on the left bank of Lam River (Hung Son, Duc Son, Cam Son) has created jobs for thousands of workers and enriched many farming households. According to the assessment, about 80% of the tea area was planted from 1998 to 2008, 20% of the area planted before 1997 (mainly LDP2 tea variety) is giving high productivity and output.
However, in recent years, the process of directing tea planting in Anh Son has revealed difficulties in planning, productivity, preparation for new planting, and support mechanisms for tea planting...
According to the report from the Department of Agriculture of Anh Son district, since 2003, the district was approved by the Provincial People's Committee to plan the tea material area, but up to now, it has not been able to create a detailed map of each unit's plots and plots to manage and direct new planting every year. Some localities such as Lang Son and Duc Son in the planning area are assigned targets every year but have not completed the plan in any year.
In 2006, Anh Son tea area was nearly 1,500 hectares, in 2007, 205 hectares were planted, in 2008, 173 hectares were planted, in 2009, nearly 59 hectares were planted, in 2010, 60 hectares were planted, the total tea area of Anh Son as of the end of 2010 reached nearly 2,000 hectares, of which 1,700 hectares were commercial tea and 232 hectares were basic tea. Due to prolonged drought, the summer-autumn crop of 2010 caused nearly 250 hectares of tea to die (mainly newly planted tea in 2008 and 2009), over 140 hectares of tea were damaged by over 70% and nearly 540 hectares were damaged by 30-70%. Thus, the total affected tea area is up to 930 hectares.
In terms of productivity, the output of fresh tea buds in Anh Son district from 2007 to present has reached about 10,000 tons, the average yield is only 8 tons/ha, which is still low compared to the requirements, while many tea hills have reached over 25 tons/ha such as Hung Son, Phuc Son, Long Son... This is due to uneven cultivation between tea hills and tea gardens, which has reduced the yield.
In addition, the investment in new planting has not ensured the technical process standards, leading to slow land reclamation, insufficient organic fertilizer, slow planting... The direction process has not really been closely linked with growers while the policy mechanism of the province and district is low, the business units have not been able to calculate anything new to support the people.
The purchase price of tea materials in Anh Son has not increased or increased insignificantly recently. According to the market price, 1kg of fresh tea buds is only worth 0.5kg of rice, which is also the reason why people are not interested in tea plants...
To implement the goal of the resolution of the 19th District Party Congress, by 2015, to plant 500 hectares of new tea, replant old areas, areas that died due to drought, bringing the total tea area of the district to 2,500 hectares, with fresh tea bud output of 25,000 tons/year, the People's Committee of Anh Son district has developed a Project to supplement and adjust the industrial tea planning for the period 2011-2015. In which, the target is divided into 60 hectares for Hung Son, 50 hectares for Cam Son, Duc Son, and Long Son communes, and 40 hectares for Bai Phu Enterprise.
The rest are other communes and Anh Son black tea units. The district directs each unit and commune in the planning area to review the area. Investment capacity to manage and organize new planting every year to effectively implement intensive technical processes to increase productivity. In that spirit, introduce new varieties, increase investment in technical infrastructure, infrastructure serving production. There are new mechanisms to support growers. The district calls for and encourages investors with appropriate policies to promote the development of the district's industrial tea area.
Luong Mai
