Steps to prepare new shrimp crop

It is necessary to carry out good preparation steps when entering a new shrimp farming season to achieve high efficiency and productivity.

Build a farming plan

Based on their financial capacity, technical level and farming experience, farmers can determine the appropriate farming area, farming form and farming objects.

Select pond

Shrimp farming requires a settling pond. The settling pond must have a minimum area equal to 1/3 of the area of ​​the farming pond. The farming pond should be located in a convenient location for water supply and drainage, the location of the farming pond must have electricity and traffic roads to facilitate the transportation of shrimp seeds, food and products. The farming pond should have an area of ​​2,000 - 4,000 m2, rectangular in shape, with a length 1.5 - 2 times the width for convenient care.

Selecting shrimp seeds

This is an important step that determines 60% of the success. The shrimp must be healthy, of uniform size, not divided into groups, and purchased from reputable farms and companies. Before buying shrimp, make sure that the batch of shrimp has been quarantined, is not incubating disease, and can check the health of the shrimp by formalin shock method. It is necessary to check the salinity and pH of the water at the seed production site and your pond to make appropriate adjustments.

Choosing quality shrimp seeds helps the crop to be successful. Photo: Tran Ut

Food

Food should be selected from representative feed agents of large, reputable manufacturers. Farmers need to base on each stage of shrimp development to choose the type of food that ensures two criteria: providing enough nutrients and the right size of shrimp bait. There should be a warehouse to store food, when taking food, do not take too much to avoid the situation of leaving it for a long time, causing mold, spoilage and causing disease for farmed shrimp.

Drugs and chemicals

Based on the technical process of shrimp farming, proactively make a list of drugs and chemicals to buy to treat the environment when renovating ponds and farming process. Farmers can contact reputable suppliers to get quality drugs, chemicals and biological products. In the process of using drugs, chemicals and biological products, it is necessary to carefully consider the features and effects of the products to have a reasonable method of use. In addition, it is advisable to consult and exchange information with experienced farmers in the area or technical experts to have the most effective choice and method of use.

To know the quality of the pond water and whether it is polluted or not, farmers should buy some tools to check the water environment such as measuring devices or oxygen testers; NH3, NO2, H2S, pH and alkalinity testers; and follow the instructions on the book or box.

Air fan

The air fan provides dissolved oxygen for farmed shrimp, creating a flow that collects waste in the middle of the pond. In addition, the air fan also provides dissolved oxygen for beneficial bacteria at the bottom of the pond to decompose organic matter.

A set of 13-15 plastic blades, speed of 100-120 rpm, provides enough oxygen for 800-900kg of shrimp, a speed of 80-100 rpm, provides enough oxygen for 600-700kg of shrimp. Farmers need to predict the shrimp yield to calculate the appropriate fan arrangement. Ponds raising TTCT with high density can use a set of porcupine feather fans to circulate oxygen to the bottom of the pond, the number of fans is only 2/3 of the set of blades. Farmers should have a backup generator in case of power outage.

Pond renovation

20 days before renovating the pond, the settling pond should be renovated (drained, de-limed and water collected). The pond must be dredged of the bottom mud, or covered with a tarpaulin (if financially possible). The pond bank must be compacted carefully to avoid water leakage, the pond depth (including the bank) must be from 1.5m or more. For earthen ponds, lime must be applied to stabilize the pond bottom environment, depending on the pH index of the bottom, increase or decrease the amount of lime applied accordingly. Water taken into the settling pond is disinfected with 30ppm Chlorine (30kg/1,000m3 of water), after 10 days it is pumped into the pond through a thick filter bag.

Human resources

Depending on the farming area and type of intensive farming, prepare appropriate human resources. Human resources should have basic knowledge of shrimp farming, arrange human resources reasonably, and ensure that farmed shrimp are always well cared for and managed.

Notebook

It is necessary to prepare a purchase and sale record book and a shrimp farming diary. A purchase and sale record book is useful for farmers to calculate the investment amount and total revenue of the crop in detail, thereby calculating the loss or profit after a shrimp farming season. The shrimp farming diary will record the entire process of shrimp management and care, this is important data to help farmers draw valuable experiences to apply to the next crop.

According to (Vietnam Fisheries) - LY