Need to replicate the model of producing microbial organic fertilizers

(Baonghean) -While farmers in many places have not yet accessed organic microbial fertilizers, in Tan Ky district in the past 2 years farmers have known how to apply production technology and use it to fertilize crops very effectively, not only reducing investment costs but also bringing many other benefits.

The effectiveness of organic microbial fertilizers

One day in early December, together with Mr. Nguyen Thai Ty - Chairman of the Gardening Association of Ky Son Commune (Tan Ky), we went to the family of Mr. Nguyen Canh Tai, Cau Troi Hamlet to see the effective model of plants thanks to microbial organic fertilizer. Mr. Tai excitedly led us to the nearly 1 hectare hill garden area, in which there were many different plants. Standing in the lush green corn (about 1 sao of land), Mr. Tai said: Previously, this land could not grow any plants because it was barren. Recently, the Gardening Association of the commune and district supported me with 2 kg of biological products and other by-products to produce 1 ton of microbial fertilizer. After successfully applying composting technology, I applied all 1 ton of fertilizer to this barren land to grow corn. Up to now, the corn has been 1 month old, growing well, the soil is loose, and retains moisture longer than before. In the near future, my family will continue to produce microbial fertilizer to fertilize the plants in the garden.

Mr. Nguyen Thai Ty added: In early 2011, the District Gardening Association supported 19 households in Ky Son with full biological products and other by-products to produce organic microbial fertilizers (each household produced 1 ton of product). After the successful implementation of the models, the Commune Gardening Association organized tours and seminars for members to study and expand the model. Organic microbial fertilizer products were available, and households mainly fertilized fruit trees in their hilly gardens. All households implementing the model acknowledged that using organic microbial fertilizers made plants grow faster and the soil moisture was higher. Some members bought biological products and by-products themselves, taking advantage of agricultural by-products to produce organic fertilizers, because the cost was much lower than buying fertilizers before, but the efficiency was high.

Mr. Nguyen Canh Tai (right) in Cau Troi hamlet, Ky Son commune (Tan Ky), said that after applying organic microbial fertilizer, this land can grow corn.

In Quynh Luu hamlet, Tan An commune, Mr. Dau Tien Sy's family has 1 hectare of garden land specializing in growing sugarcane and oranges. In 2009, he was selected by the District Gardening Association to be a model for producing organic microbial fertilizer. That year, he produced 6 tons of organic microbial fertilizer, fertilizing hundreds of orange trees and sugarcane gardens. The effect was that despite the long drought that year, his orange garden was still green, had many fruits, and few pests. Since then, his family has produced nearly 10 tons of organic microbial fertilizer every year, thanks to which his crops have high yields and investment costs have been significantly reduced.

Need to expand the model

The scientific topic "Processing microbial organic fertilizers on a household scale", coordinated by the Department of Science and Technology and the People's Committee of Tan Ky district, has been a pilot model in Tan An commune since 2009. The reason for choosing Tan An as a pilot model is because this commune has a relatively large area of ​​​​plants on dry land: rubber, oranges, sugarcane; Most of Tan An's people are retired workers of An Ngai Farm, so they have the ability to access and apply quickly. Tan An has a favorable geographical location to be able to expand to the left bank of the Con River. After 2 years of implementation, Mr. Tran Tu Ba - Vice President of Tan Ky District Gardening Association (direct implementer) affirmed: In 2 years (2009 and 2010), 100 farming households in Tan An commune have successfully applied the technology to produce microbial organic fertilizers. Up to now, the application to produce biological organic fertilizers in Tan Ky district has been accepted by farmers and gradually expanded. The evidence is that recently, in addition to the project's funding support and the support policy of the District People's Committee, 185 households have spent their own money to buy biological products at the District Gardening Association to produce organic microbial fertilizers.

After 2 years of implementing the model in Tan An commune, some achievements can be drawn, which are: Transferring to farmers the technique of producing organic microbial fertilizers at households; Protecting the environment by collecting and using agricultural by-products; Taking advantage of idle labor from farmers. Using organic microbial fertilizers for crops not only reduces investment costs in cultivation, but also increases the growth rate of crops, retains moisture against drought, prevents pests and diseases, gives high crop yields and increases soil fertility.

To prove the cost reduction, Mr. Tran Tu Ba made a calculation: To produce 1 ton of organic microbial fertilizer, it is necessary to have: 2 kg of biological products = 50,000 VND + 4 kg of molasses (or molasses) = 50,000 VND + 2 kg of urea = 30,000 VND + 3 kg of potassium = 40,000 VND + 5 kg of phosphate fertilizer = 25,000 VND + 5 kg of lime powder = 10,000 VND + 3 days of work for composting, digging, and hoeing = 300,000 VND. Thus, the total cost is 505 thousand VND, the agricultural by-products are used by farmers. Based on the reality of Tan Ky district, according to Mr. Ba, to have enough fertilizer for crops, each household needs at least 5 tons of microbial fertilizer per year. To produce 5 tons of organic microbial fertilizer, it costs more than 2.5 million VND. But if farmers buy 1 ton of organic fertilizer at Ky Son Organic Fertilizer Factory (Tan Ky), it will cost around 3 million VND. Thus, producing organic fertilizer at home reduces 4/5 of the cost. Using the figures of Tan Hop Commune (Tan Ky) to prove that the total revenue from cultivation in this locality in a year is 20 billion VND, but the investment in fertilizer is 6 billion VND. If organic fertilizer is produced, the cost for fertilizer is only over 1 billion VND.

To replicate the model on a large scale, attention from all levels and sectors is also needed because the number of poor households among farmers is still high, especially in mountainous areas and ethnic minorities, which means difficulties in investment costs. Therefore, if the State supports biological products and other by-products, surely every farming household can produce microbial organic fertilizer. At that time, the area and yield of crops will also increase.

Mr. Nguyen Duy Thuy - Chairman of Tan Ky District People's Committee, excitedly said: "Producing microbial organic fertilizer is a simple technology, easy for farmers to apply, with obvious effectiveness, so it is supported by farmers. Using microbial organic fertilizer is very suitable for mountainous areas, because it creates moisture for the soil, preventing drought for crops. To encourage farmers to produce microbial organic fertilizer, in the coming time, Tan Ky District People's Committee has a policy to expand the model to all 266 hamlets and villages of 22 communes in the district. Each hamlet and village selects 2 households to implement, each household is supported by the district with biological products. Tan Ky's wish is that every farmer household has the conditions to produce this fertilizer, but the district's budget is limited and cannot support 100% of households".

Our province has a large area of ​​dry crops, especially in the midland and mountainous areas. Moreover, every rural area has agricultural by-products: straw, corn stalks, beans, etc., which are very favorable for the production of organic fertilizers. Therefore, the province needs to have policies to help farmers access technology to produce organic fertilizers, in order to reduce investment costs in agriculture and increase crop productivity.

Xuan Hoang