Fisheries promotion and sustainable poverty reduction
Poverty reduction (PDR) is one of the key goals in Vietnam's economic development.Male
Top priority
Within 20 years (1990 - 2010), Vietnam is one of the successful countries in the process of economic development and poverty reduction; the poverty rate has decreased by nearly 60%, down to 20.7%, with more than 30 million people escaping poverty. Recently, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations organized the "Recognition of outstanding achievements in the fight against poverty reduction" for 38 countries, including Vietnam. Vietnam
Recognizing the increasingly important role of fisheries extension, on June 4, 2013, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development approved the key Central Agricultural Extension Program for the period 2013 - 2020, including fisheries extension. With the goal of applying and transferring technical advances in aquaculture, exploitation, and post-harvest preservation to increase productivity, output, efficiency, ensure food safety and hygiene, reduce post-harvest losses, contribute to improving economic efficiency, creating jobs and increasing income for people, minimizing impacts on the general ecological environment and protecting aquatic resources. In particular, focusing on priority orientations: developing brackish and saltwater aquaculture; aquaculture of marine and island products; aquaculture of freshwater products; equipping fishing gear, advanced communication equipment in offshore seafood exploitation; preliminary processing and preservation of post-harvest products. The National Agricultural Extension Center has implemented many activities, disseminated fisheries extension work to localities and achieved many important achievements, especially in mountainous areas, remote areas, ethnic minority areas, where life is still difficult.
Improve life
Binh Dinh is a province that regularly focuses resources on developing the fisheries economy. The provincial Agricultural Extension - Fisheries Extension Center (KN - KN) has transferred 24 models of raising black tiger shrimp and whiteleg shrimp using the methods of "Recirculation with little water change", "Closed circulation", intensive farming..., helping to save costs and increase productivity. The experimental model of growing carrageenan has been deployed since 1993 in Phuoc Dinh, and has now been widely developed in coastal communes, with an area of 162.5 hectares, an output of 312.5 tons of dry weight, contributing to solving idle labor, increasing income and poverty reduction for coastal fishermen. In seafood exploitation, the application of the improved lead-pull seine model, using fish finders - locators, and sonar horizontal detectors has increased exploitation efficiency by 1.2 - 1.5 times, bringing seafood exploitation output to 250 - 300 tons/year. Deploying the application of preserving fish and squid using plastic trays for the trawling profession in Dong Hai ward, the product quality increased 2-3 times, extended the time at sea to 10-12 days, helped increase productivity and save costs. In 2012, the poverty reduction rate of the whole province reached 2%, creating new jobs for more than 16,000 people, with an average income of 19.1 million VND/person/year.
Traditional fish farming model brings high efficiency - Photo: Quoc Minh
In 2012, KN Station - KN Dakrong (Quang Tri province) deployed the construction of a traditional fish farming model in Ta Long and A Bung communes. On an area of 4,000m2For raising grass carp, tilapia, bighead carp, and common carp, the Provincial Center for Science and Technology supported 100% of the fish fry and 50% of the feed, with a total amount of over 56 million VND. After 8 months of raising, the survival rate of fish reached 85%, the average weight was 0.6 kg/fish; the estimated harvest output was 4 tons. With a selling price of about 35,000 VND/kg, the estimated profit was 66 million VND. This model has helped people promote their traditional fish farming ability, create products of high economic value, increase productivity and output per unit area; at the same time, it helps people in mountainous areas have a suitable direction in production, contributing to the increasingly strong development of aquaculture in the province.
Overcoming difficulties
In recent years, the focus of fisheries extension services from central to local levels has been mainly on aquaculture or small-scale exploitation. Currently, fisheries extension work needs to consider addressing the needs of large-scale aquaculture, offshore fishing, preservation, processing and consumption of products. Meanwhile, the fisheries extension system does not have enough technical and financial resources to carry out these tasks.
Fisheries extension activities need to be innovated, shifting from centralized direction, focusing on supply and coping to flexible activities to meet demand, with the participation of farmers, social organizations and components; socializing fisheries extension work.
In the process of innovating the fisheries extension system, it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of programs and projects; develop a national strategy with the participation of the people; establish a large-scale database of fisheries extension documents, thereby experimentally implementing the national strategy and training fisheries extension officers on the use of methods and approaches mentioned in that strategy. Increase resources, innovate investment structures, innovate pure technology transfer methods to a new approach, "first farmers, last farmers"...
According to (Vietnam Fisheries) - LC
