Bamboo planting techniques

Bamboo has the scientific name Dendrocalamus giganteus Munro and the common name is bamboo belonging to the bamboo subfamily (Bambusoideae). Bamboo shoots have high nutritional content and are used as food. Bamboo stems are used as construction materials, household items, handicrafts and paper pulp...

Bamboo is a clump-growing plant with a straight, round stem, an average height of 15 - 18m, and an average diameter of 8 - 15cm. The most suitable place to plant bamboo is low hills, along streams, valleys, on sloping land, sandy loam, a soil layer over 80cm thick, moist and slightly acidic soil.

1. Creating seedlings

* Cutting season

- Spring - summer crop: from February to May

- Autumn crop: from July to September

* Land preparation

Cuttings: Choose a place near a water source, with good drainage, far from disease sources.

Soil preparation: The soil is hoed, tilled and crushed 5 - 10 days before cuttings are planted.

Bed making: Beds are 3 - 5 m long, 1.0 - 1.2 m wide, 15 - 20 cm high... Between beds there are 50 - 60 cm wide drainage ditches.

Sterilize the bed: Sterilize the cutting bed by watering the bed with a 2-3% concentration of Vibenlat solution, dosage 1-2 liters of solution/m2 5-7 hours before cutting.

* Prepare the cuttings

Select cuttings: Choose young branches with at least 2 nodes, branch length from 50 - 60 cm, cutting base diameter from 1.5 - 2 cm.

Cuttings: Cuttings are cut on a cool, cloudy day, then placed in a damp sack and left in a cool, shady place. Cuttings are cut no more than 12 hours before planting.

- Cuttings processing: Cuttings are cleaned by soaking and cleaning in clean water before planting.

* Cuttings

After treatment, the cuttings are transplanted into the cutting bed, tilted at an angle of 45 - 600 to the bed surface, cutting size 20 x 20 cm, cutting depth from 7 - 10 cm.

* Care of cuttings

After cutting, the cutting bed is covered with a dome of white plastic to maintain temperature and humidity. Every day, water with clean water twice a day (once in the early morning, once in the late afternoon) to keep it moist enough with a sprayer or watering can with a dosage of 1 - 2 liters of water/m2.
After 90 days of cutting, weed, break the crust and hoe the roots of the seedlings. When the seedlings are 120 - 150 days old, apply a mixture of nitrogen and phosphate mixed in water at a concentration of 1% (mix 0.5 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 0.5 kg of phosphate with 100 liters of water), watering dose 2 - 3 liters/m2. Finally, rinse with clean water.

2. Planting techniques

* Planting season

+ Spring crop: February - March.

+ Spring - summer crop: May - June.

* Planting density

- 200 trees/ha (5 x 10 m - 5 m between trees, 10 m between rows).

- 500 trees/ha (4 x 5 m - 4 m between trees, 5 m between rows).

* Land preparation

- Digging holes: The holes are arranged in a crocodile tooth shape, dug 1 month before planting. Size
Pit dimensions are 60 x 60 x 60 cm.

- Fertilize the hole after digging: Apply 5 - 10 kg of decomposed manure to the bottom of the hole.

- After applying base fertilizer, immediately fill the hole with topsoil until the hole is filled in a turtle shell shape.

* Standards for trees to be planted

+ Plants from 4 - 5 months old can be planted. Plant height reaches 80 - 100 cm.
Tree root diameter over 1.5 cm.

+ The tree has a well-developed root system, has 1 generation of seedlings, no pests or diseases, and no broken pots.

* Plant a tree

+ Planting weather: Choose a cool, shady day, avoid harsh sunlight and strong winds, the soil in the hole must be moist enough.

+ Dig a hole: Use a hoe to dig a hole about 25 cm deep.

+ Tear the pot: For seedlings grown in plastic pots, tear the pot before planting. Place the tree upright and pack the soil firmly around the base.

3. Plant care

Plants are cared for annually. They are cared for twice a year, in early spring and at the end of the rainy season.

- First year: 1 month after planting, check the survival rate of the tree, take advantage of favorable weather to replant. First care in May - June; clear the ground cover, lightly hoe and mound soil around the base, mound diameter 50 - 70 cm. Second care in August - September, add inorganic fertilizer from 0.1 - 0.2 kg urea/tree and only clear vines and shrubs.

- 2nd and 3rd year: Tree care techniques in the following years are similar to the first year. In the 2nd year, fertilize with 5 kg of manure and add 0.2 kg of NPK fertilizer/tree; in the 3rd year, fertilize with 10 kg of composted manure + 0.5 kg of NPK/tree.

4. Pest control and protection management

Bamboo is often damaged by pests such as elephant trunk beetles, bamboo shoot beetles, stem borers... or by leaf diseases such as sooty mold, leaf spots, brooms... Animals that destroy bamboo shoots are rats, mice, pigs, buffaloes, cows...

To prevent pests for bamboo, you can use 1% Bordeaux, 1/120 concentration Bi58, spray on leaves.

5. Harvesting and preservation

- Harvesting bamboo shoots
Bamboo shoot harvesting season is from June to September. During the bamboo shoot growing season, harvest every 5 days, except for the bamboo shoots that are grown into bamboo. When harvesting, leave the buds on the bamboo shoots to continue growing bamboo shoots.

- Prepare bamboo shoots

Peel the bamboo shoots, wash them, and drain them. Mix the preservative solution in a container with a tight lid. Drop the bamboo shoots into the solution, seal it, and store it in a clean, cold storage. This is best done.

According to TTKNQG - LY