The leaker of secret information that brought down US President Nixon was revealed.
On May 31, 2005, after more than 30 years of concealment, the family of former Deputy Director of the US Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) W. Mark Felt finally confessed that he was "Deep Throat", the person who provided top secret information about the Watergate scandal, which caused President Richard Nixon to lose office in 1974.
Watergate is still considered one of the world's most famous political scandals of all time. The scandal revolved around US President Richard Nixon giving his aides the green light to illegally break into the Democratic Party headquarters in the Watergate complex in Washington on June 17, 1972, to install a wiretapping device at the headquarters of the Watergate complex in Washington. Five "burglars" were arrested in the incident, helping authorities track down the network behind the incident, including the most senior figures in the White House.
President Richard Nixon sadly announced his resignation in August 1974. Photo: USN |
The incident made Mr. Nixon the first and only US President to resign before the end of his term, in 1974.
The Felt family's revelations, published in Vanity Fair magazine in 2005, shocked two famous reporters, Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein. It was the source of information, codenamed "Deep Throat", who asked Woodward and Bernstein to keep his identity secret until after his death. Thanks to Deep Throat's confidential information, the two reporters wrote articles that exposed the Watergate scandal that shocked public opinion in 1973, helping the Washington Post win the prestigious Pulitzer Prize that same year.
For a long time after the Watergate scandal, the question "Who is Deep Throat?" was asked over and over again and explained with various speculations and theories in countless books, movies, television shows and online. America was obsessed with the shadowy figure, who did everything he could to hide his whereabouts and relationship with Washington Post reporters.
Washington Post reporters Bob Woodward (right) and Carl Bernstein have pledged to keep Deep Throat's identity secret. Photo: USN |
The tapes reveal that as early as 1973, President Nixon himself suspected Mr. Felt of leaking classified information to the press. Although Felt was often cited as a suspect, he steadfastly denied being Deep Throat. In his 1979 memoir, the former FBI Deputy Director wrote: "I never disclosed information to Woodward and Bernstein or anyone else." Even six years before deciding to come forward, Mr. Felt said: "To disclose information would be contrary to my duty as a loyal FBI agent."
According to multiple sources, after the death of J. Edgar Hoover, Director of the FBI in May 1972, Mr. Felt, then serving as deputy director of the agency, wanted to take over the leadership. Unfortunately, President Nixon appointed Pat Gray to replace Hoover. Mr. Felt was reportedly extremely angry with this, as well as the president's use of Gray to block all investigation efforts, in order to cover up information about the Watergate scandal.
Mr. Felt agreed to cooperate with Washington Post reporters on the Watergate case in a limited way. Photo: NBC |
So when Woodward called Felt to ask about the Watergate investigation, the veteran FBI official agreed to speak. However, Felt had a series of strict requirements for his cooperation. He refused to be identified by the press, to be quoted even anonymously, and agreed only to verify information the reporters had already gathered and refused to provide new information. Of course, Felt's demands were met. Woodward also only contacted him when he needed to confirm extremely important details.
Initially, the two spoke by phone, but Mr. Felt soon became concerned that his personal phone might be tapped. So he and reporter Woodward devised a system of symbols and began meeting secretly at midnight in a parking lot. Several months later, Mr. Felt confirmed the information about the Nixon reelection committee's connection to the Watergate break-in. He also warned Woodward about the involvement of higher-ranking officials in the administration, including the White House chief himself.
Mr. Felt's image appeared in an article confessing to being Deep Throat in Vanity Fair magazine in 2005. Photo: Vanity Fair |
After the Felt family's confession in 2005, both Woodward and Bernstein expressed concern that the prolonged public attention to the Deep Throat mystery might lead to an exaggeration of the former FBI Deputy Director's role in uncovering the Watergate scandal. These reporters reminded the American public that other sources, such as secret Nixon White House tape recordings, the US Senate Watergate hearings, and the historic US Supreme Court ruling, all played an important role in clarifying the truth.
Mr. Felt's image in the 2017 Hollywood movie "Mark Felt: The Man Who Took the White House"
According to the Guardian, rumors circulated in the US in the mid-2000s that the Felt family decided to reveal Deep Throat’s identity for money. At the time, in 2005, Mr. Felt’s daughter was having financial difficulties, while his health and memory were declining.
Mr. Felt with his daughter and grandson at his home in Santa Rosa, California, USA in 2005. Photo: NYT |
Mr. Felt died on February 18, 2008, at the age of 95. To the American public, he remains a "hero," in stark contrast to Edward Snowden, who was considered a traitor for leaking classified information about the US government to the press.