Famous people born in the year of the Monkey made Vietnam famous

In the year of the Fire Monkey, let me mention some famous people born in the year of the Monkey in our country's history.

Canh Than 1380 - Nguyen Trai (1380 - 1442)

A famous scholar and cultural figure, Uc Trai. He was born on September 19, 1442, in Chi Ngai village, Cong Hoa, Chi Linh, Hai Duong, and later moved to Nhi Khe village, Thuong Phuc, Ha Dong (now Hanoi). A Thai scholar born in 1400, Nguyen Trai served as an official under the Ho Dynasty.

After Vietnam fell under the rule of the Ming Dynasty, Nguyen Trai participated in the Lam Son uprising led by Le Loi and became a strategist of the Lam Son army, author of the Proclamation of Victory over the Wu.

Portrait of Nguyen Trai

In 1442, Nguyen Trai's entire family was exterminated in the Le Chi Vien case. In 1464, King Le Thanh Tong issued an edict to exonerate him. Nguyen Trai was a great cultural figure, making enormous contributions to the development of Vietnamese literature and thought. He is on the list of 14 Vietnamese national heroes.

Canh Than 1460 - Luong The Vinh (1460 - 1496)

A famous scholar in the Le Thanh Tong dynasty, also known as Trang Luong, was from Cao Huong commune, Thien Ban, Nam Dinh (now Vu Ban). In 1463, he passed the Royal Examination at the age of 23. Later, he served as an official with the positions of Truc Hoc Si, Thi Thu and Chuong Vien Su at the Academy.

He was a mathematician, Buddhist and one of the 28 poets of the Tao Dan Association established by King Le Thanh Tong in 1495... He wrote books on Buddhism and mathematics. He died on October 2, 1496 in his hometown.

Portrait of Luong The Vinh

Year of the Monkey 1572 - Dao Duy Tu (1572 - 1639)

A famous mandarin who helped Lord Nguyen establish his career, was from Hoa Trai village, Ngoc Son, Tinh Gia, Thanh Hoa. He was well-versed in the classics and history, and was good at astrology. Because his father was a singer, he could not advance through the imperial examinations. Disappointed, he went to the South and became a cowherd in Binh Dinh.

His reputation made the Khanh Ly in Quy Nhon marry his daughter to him and recommend him to Lord Sai Nguyen Phuc Nguyen. He helped Lord Nguyen in military, political, and cultural matters, fighting against Lord Trinh until victory. In 1631, he ordered the construction of Luy Thay from Nhat Le seaport to Dau Mau mountain. He died on October 17, 1634, leaving behind a set of Military Strategy and two literary works.

Portrait of Dao Duy Tu

Year of the Monkey 1872 - Phan Chau Trinh (1872 - 1926)

Also known as Phan Chu Trinh, alias Tay Ho, a patriot, he was born on September 9, 1872, from Quang Nam, and led the Duy Tan democratic movement. In 1887, he secretly went to Japan and met with Phan Boi Chau to exchange ideas about saving the country.

In 1905, he resigned from office, then together with Tran Quy Cap and Huynh Thuc Khang organized a trip to the South to learn about the people. After that, Phan Chau Trinh went to Nghe Tinh, Thanh Hoa, and Hanoi to meet and consult with progressive scholars, then went to De Tham base to observe the situation. In 1906, he secretly went to Guangdong to meet Phan Boi Chau, exchanged ideas, then went to Japan, and met with many politicians there.

Phan Chau Trinh advocated for fundamental change by improving the intellectual and moral level of the Vietnamese people, developing the economy and culture, learning progressive Western ideas, abandoning backward customs and practices... The slogan was: Enlighten the people, strengthen the people's spirit, improve the people's livelihood. The movement aimed to reform the people and Vietnamese society by encouraging educational reform. In March 1908, the anti-tax movement in Central Vietnam broke out and was violently suppressed. Phan Chau Trinh and many of his comrades were arrested in Hanoi and taken to Hue.

Patriot Phan Chu Trinh

The Southern Dynasty wanted to sentence him to death. But thanks to the intervention of good-willed French people and representatives of the Human Rights Association in Hanoi, they were forced to exile him to Con Dao. Thanks to the public opinion struggle at home and abroad, in August 1910, he was brought back to the mainland. He was pardoned, but forced to be under house arrest in My Tho. He wrote a letter to the Governor General of Indochina, refusing to accept being imprisoned in My Tho.

In 1911, the Indochina government sent him to France and he took the opportunity to denounce the crimes of French colonialism. World War I broke out, Phan Chau Trinh was imprisoned in Paris. In July 1915, due to insufficient evidence to convict him, the French government had to release him.

After being released from prison, he learned how to develop photographs and then worked for photography studios to earn a living and continue his activities. On June 19, 1919, Phan Chau Trinh and his friends drafted the "Demand of the Annamese People" to send to the Versailles Conference.

It was not until 1925, when his health was failing, that the French authorities allowed him to return home. During this time, he wrote Indochina Political Theory. After returning home, although he was ill, Phan Chau Trinh tried to give two more lectures on Eastern and Western ethics and morality, and Monarchy and Democracy. At 9:30 p.m. on March 24, 1926, he passed away at the age of 54.

Fire Monkey 1896 - Hoang Ngoc Phach (1896 - 1973)

Teacher, writer, pen name Song An, born on August 20, 1896, in Duc Phong village, Dong Thai, Duc Tho, Ha Tinh (now Tung Anh commune). He graduated from Indochina Pedagogical College, taught at many schools and wrote. He became famous with his first work To Tam (1925).

He joined the National Language Propagation Association and the Viet Minh movement in Bac Ninh. After the August Revolution, he successively served as Director of the Bac Ninh School District, Director of Education Region XII, Director of the Central Pedagogical College, and then worked at the Ministry of Education's Library Department. He died on November 24, 1973 in Hanoi. He left behind 12 published works on literature.

Writer Hoang Ngoc Phach

Fire Monkey 1896 - Pham Hong Thai (1896 - 1924)

His real name was Pham Thanh Tich, from Ngoc Dieu village, Nghe An... He went to the North to contact revolutionaries. He worked as a miner at Hon Gai, then contacted the Vietnam Restoration Association, crossed the border to Siam and then to Guangzhou at the end of 1918. In April 1924, he joined Tam Tam Xa. On June 19, 1924, after writing an indictment denouncing the crimes of French colonialism to the people of the world, Pham Hong Thai disguised himself as a journalist and entered the Victoria Hotel in the Sa Dien concession in Guangzhou to assassinate the Governor General of Indochina Martial Henri Merlin.

During the party, he threw a grenade disguised in a camera into the middle of the table. However, the assassination attempt failed, Merlin was only slightly injured and escaped death. Pham Hong Thai escaped from the hotel but was wanted so much that he had to jump into the Pearl River to commit suicide at the age of 28.

Pham Hong Thai

This event was named “The Sound of the Bomb in Shadian” and shocked the local news. The body of Pham Hong Thai was respectfully buried by the Sun Yat-sen government at the Hoang Hoa Cuong Martyrs' Monument with 72 Chinese martyrs in the 1911 Xinhai Revolution.

Mau Than 1908 - Ngo Gia Tu (1908 - 1935)

The revolutionary martyr was born on December 3, 1908, in Tam Son village, Tu Son, Bac Ninh (now Tien Son district). In 1927, he attended a political training class organized by Nguyen Ai Quoc in Guangzhou, and was assigned by the Northern Region of the Vietnam Revolutionary Youth Association to Bac Ninh Province to establish a local base.

In 1928, Ngo Gia Tu was sent to work in the Northern Region. On May 1, 1929, the National Congress of the Vietnam Revolutionary Youth Association met in Hong Kong. The Northern delegation, with Ngo Gia Tu playing a decisive role, proposed to dissolve the Vietnam Revolutionary Youth Association and establish the Communist Party. After that, implementing the policy of "proletarianization", Ngo Gia Tu went to Saigon to work as a coal cart pusher and a porter at the docks. In March 1929, he helped establish the first communist cell in Vietnam.

Ngo Gia Tu

After the Communist Party of Vietnam was founded, he was elected as the provisional Secretary of the Southern Party Committee. By the end of 1930, he was arrested by the French colonialists in Saigon. After more than 2 years of detention, on May 2, 1933, the French colonialists brought Ngo Gia Tu to a "special criminal" trial, and exiled him to Con Dao in May 1933. He went missing during a prison break in early 1935 with other prisoners.

Mau Than 1908 - Nguyen Duc Canh (1908 - 1932)

Revolutionary martyr from Thuy Ha village, Thuy Anh, Thai Binh (now Diem Dien, Thai Thuy). In 1925, he participated in organizing the memorial service for Phan Chau Trinh and was expelled from school. He went to Hanoi to live and work. In September 1927, he went to Guangzhou to attend a training class of the Vietnam Revolutionary Youth Association and then joined this organization. After returning home, in February 1928, he was assigned to be a member of the Northern Region Committee and Secretary of the Hai Phong Provincial Committee.

In September 1928, he worked at the Caron factory and led workers in struggles with employers. In 1929, he founded the General Confederation of Labor of Tonkin.

Nguyen Duc Canh

On February 3, 1930, he participated in the founding of the Indochinese Communist Party as a representative of the Indochinese Communist Party. At the end of 1930, he was elected to the Central Region Standing Committee, in charge of propaganda. At the end of 1931, he was arrested in Vinh. On July 31, 1932, he was beheaded by the French in Hai Phong at the age of 24.

According to CA.TP.HCM