Causes of infertility in women
There are 11 reasons:
1. Pelvic inflammatory disease: Pelvic inflammatory disease or PID is a very common cause of infertility in women. PID is a term that refers to inflammation of the uterus, fallopian tubes or ovaries, mainly caused by reproductive system infections or sexually transmitted diseases. Specifically, chlamydia and gonorrhea are the main culprits associated with PID. Regular gynecological examinations and testing for sexually transmitted diseases are the best way to avoid developing PID.
2. Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: Polycystic ovary syndrome or PCOS is a condition caused by a hormonal imbalance in the female reproductive system. This reduces the number of eggs and therefore reduces fertility. However, since PCOS is linked to obesity and diabetes, lifestyle changes can help address this problem.
3. Uterine fibroids: Uterine fibroids are benign tumors and are the most common in women. Fibroids are more common in women over 30, rare in women under 20, and decrease in women who have reached menopause. Fibroids can be very small, but they often grow in size and can reduce fertility, although this is less common than some other causes.
4. Endometriosis: Endometriosis is a condition in which tissue in the uterus grows and spreads to other areas of the reproductive system, including the fallopian tubes or ovaries. Then, during the menstrual cycle, this tissue breaks down and can cause adhesions or scar tissue that can create blockages in the reproductive system.
5. Luteal phase defect: Luteal phase defect (LPD) occurs when the luteal phase is shorter than normal, not providing enough time for the uterine wall to develop enough to allow an egg to implant and for pregnancy to occur. LPD can be treated with progesterone supplementation.
6. Poor quality eggs:
In some cases, damage or abnormalities in the reproductive system can lead to poor egg quality. Egg quality is involved in creating an embryo. With poor egg quality, the egg is immature or may not have the genetic information needed to join with a sperm to create an embryo.
7. Diseases: Diseases such as diabetes, thyroid, kidney, adrenal, and liver disease can contribute to female infertility. Some of these have a more direct impact on fertility and others are indirect (such as diabetics being prone to PCOS).
8. Hormonal Imbalance: Imbalance of hormones that regulate the female body’s reproductive cycle can create problems with fertility. These types of problems can sometimes be resolved through lifestyle changes.
9. Autoimmune disorders: Autoimmune disorders attack healthy cells in a woman’s body. This can negatively affect cells that “invade” a woman’s body, such as sperm.
10. Medications: Some medications you are taking can be one of the main factors that prevent women from being able to conceive. Therefore, when taking any medication, you should update the information and instructions to understand the side effects and the effects of the medication on your fertility.
11. Age: A woman's chances of infertility increase as she gets older. In her 20s, a woman will conceive, on average, 90% of the time in a 12-month period. A 30-year-old woman will only conceive 60-70%. At age 40, conception is less than 50%.
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