Comrade Le Hong Phong's conclusions about the Nghe - Tinh Soviet movement
Comrade Le Hong Phong (1902-1942) was one of the outstanding leaders of the Party. He was the "soul" of the Party during the period of rebuilding the force after the White Terror (1932-1935); he was the initiator and leader of the national democratic movement (1936-1939). Until his death, he remained steadfast in his belief and his heart towards the Party, wholeheartedly serving the Party's development. The revolutionary movement of 1930-1931 with the peak of the Nghe-Tinh Soviet was studied and summarized by him into lessons learned, contributing to consolidating the role and perfecting the Party's leadership in the following revolutionary activities.
(Baonghean)Comrade Le Hong Phong (1902-1942) was one of the outstanding leaders of the Party. He was the "soul" of the Party during the period of rebuilding the force after the White Terror (1932-1935); he was the initiator and leader of the national democratic movement (1936-1939). Until his death, he remained steadfast in his belief and his heart towards the Party, wholeheartedly serving the Party's development. The revolutionary movement of 1930-1931 with the peak of the Nghe-Tinh Soviet was studied and summarized by him into lessons learned, contributing to consolidating the role and perfecting the Party's leadership in the following revolutionary activities.
After the Nghe-Tinh Soviet movement, the enemy tried to suppress the revolutionaries. In 1930-1931, many comrades of the Central Committee, Regional Party Committee, Provincial Party Committee, and City Party Committee were arrested, imprisoned, and killed; most of the grassroots party organizations in the provinces and cities were broken. The connection between the Central Party agency and the local Party Committee was severed; the connection between the country and abroad, between the Indochinese Communist Party and the Communist International was broken for many months.
Receiving the task of returning home to lead the movement, the responsibility placed on Le Hong Phong's shoulders was to restore the Party organization, reestablish contact with foreign countries, and at the same time orient the Party's activities in the coming time.
Comrade Le Hong Phong's conclusions about the Soviet - Nghe Tinh movement were expressed in important documents. As soon as he returned to the country, he participated in drafting and organizing the implementation of the Action Program of the Indochinese Communist Party (1932). Then, in 1935, at the 9th plenary session of the 7th Congress of the Communist International in Moscow, he presented a paper with important conclusions about the movement. His third and most profound summary was made in 1939, the final stage of the Democratic Front period.
The first lesson that comrade Le Hong Phong pointed out was the need to clearly affirm the role of the Party and the working class in pioneering solidarity and leading the people in the struggle for independence; strengthening close ties with the masses, in order to develop and protect the Party in conditions of secret operations.
The second lesson that comrade Le Hong Phong drew from the practical struggle in the Nghe - Tinh Soviet movement (1930-1931) was the need to build a worker-peasant alliance under the leadership of the working class.
The third lesson is that it is necessary to unite the masses widely and broadly, forming a united national front to fight against the common enemy, moving towards gaining independence for the nation and democracy for the people.
The fourth lesson is to frankly identify mistakes and shortcomings; regularly conduct self-criticism and criticism, and fight against “leftist” and “rightist” ideologies to build a strong Party capable of undertaking the mission of leading the masses. The spirit of profound self-criticism, looking straight at the truth and telling the truth has brought about a new development for the revolutionary movement in the new period.
The summaries of experiences drawn from the Nghe - Tinh Soviet movement (1930-1931) applied in the following revolutionary period created the Party's recovery after the White Terror of the French colonialists (1932-1935), bringing our country's revolution into a new period of struggle - the period of fighting for democratic rights in the years 1936-1939. Comrade Le Hong Phong's role in the development of the revolutionary movement in the country in the 1930s of the 20th century made the French colonialists find every way to arrest him. On June 22, 1938, Le Hong Phong was arrested in Saigon. Despite being arrested, tortured and abused, he remained steadfast in the Party's goals and ideals, and at the same time recognized and evaluated the revolutionary movement, providing lessons of experience that guided the country's revolutionary movement.
Hoang Xuan Loi
