Vietnamese nurse in protective gear still infected with Ebola

Nina Pham wore a mask, gloves, gown and face shield while caring for an Ebola patient. She tested positive for the virus, and officials have no idea how it happened.

Nurse Nina Pham. Photo: Facebook

"Something went wrong and we need to figure out what and why," said Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.

Nina, 26, followed basic precautions as part of a team of 50 doctors and nurses treating Liberian Thomas Eric Duncan at a Dallas, Texas, hospital. Duncan died last week, and just a day later, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) said Nina tested positive for Ebola, becoming the first person to contract the deadly virus on U.S. soil.

According to CNN, Nina graduated from Texas Christian University's nursing program in 2010. She only received her critical care nurse certification on August 1, less than two months before she joined Duncan's treatment.

Yesterday, Nina received a blood transfusion from Ebola survivor Kent Brantly. Brantly contracted the virus while working in Liberia.

Dr. Tom Frieden, director of the CDC, said it was unclear how Nina contracted Ebola and that a "protocol error" in patient care may have occurred.

Federal officials are reviewing those protocols, including removing protective equipment after coming into contact with Ebola patients, and whether spraying health care workers with antiviral drugs as they leave isolation rooms is effective.

How did the virus spread?

CDC officials interviewed Nina several times and said there were “inconsistencies” in the personal protective equipment she used and the process by which she put it on and took it off.

It’s possible that when Nina took off her protective gear, some of the patient’s virus-containing fluid could have somehow come into contact with her, Frieden said. Or it could have happened while Duncan was undergoing kidney dialysis and was intubated.

"You have to remove gloves, masks or other things that are contaminated with the virus without letting those tools come into contact with your hands, then your clothes, your face or your skin, and that's not easy to do," said Frieden.

Even taking extra precautions beyond what the CDC recommends can increase the risk of infection. Nurses are allowed to double-glove in some situations, but triple-glove is against CDC guidelines because it adds steps and takes longer to remove protective equipment than necessary.

The CDC acknowledged that Nina's case is very concerning. "It is possible that in the coming days, we will see more cases of Ebola," Frieden said.

Other nurses who cared for Duncan are also being monitored because they may have, like Nina, developed a fever. They will be checked twice a day for symptoms of fever.

Public areas around Nina's apartment building have also been disinfected and her neighbors have been informed. However, officials say the public should not be overly concerned about the outbreak.

Tom Ha, a family friend, described Nina as someone who always “put others before herself.” “That was a philosophy she shared with her family,” he said. “They were always helping people and taking pride in helping others.”

According to VnExpress