Pest control for spring peanut crop 2013

(Baonghean) Peanuts are short-term industrial crops that bring high economic efficiency to farming households. According to the forecast of the North Central Hydrometeorological Center, the spring crop of 2013 will have warmer temperatures than previous years, which is favorable for pests to arise and cause serious damage to peanuts. In order to improve the productivity and product quality of peanuts, it is necessary to apply integrated pest management (IPM) measures to minimize the damage caused by pests.

The following are some major pests and pest control techniques for spring peanut crop 2013.

1. Main pest groups:

1.1. Peanut pests

- Seed pests: Crickets, ants, weevils, termites.

- Seedling pests: cutworms.

- Leaf pests: This group has the largest number, including sucking pests (planthoppers, aphids, red spiders) and chewing pests (cavities, green worms, inchworms, caterpillars, beetles, grasshoppers...).

- Root and tuber pests: white grubs, dung beetles...

1.2. Peanut disease groups:

- Diseases that damage stems and roots: root rot, green wilt, yellow wilt... caused by a group of harmful soil fungi.

- Leaf diseases: ring spot, rust... caused by harmful fungi.

- Tuber disease: tuber rot caused by Fusarium Sp.

1.3. Integrated pest management (IPM) method:

- Planting peanuts according to technical procedures creates conditions for peanuts to grow and develop healthily, increasing their resistance to pests and diseases.

- Rotate peanuts with other crops and clean the fields.

- Regularly check the fields, pay attention right from the time of sowing, promptly detect pests and diseases. If the density of pests is high, organize catching in the early morning or cool afternoon to limit their development and damage.

2. Techniques for preventing and controlling peanut pests:

2.1. Cutworms, crickets, ants, earthworms, termites, steelhead worms, white grubs, dung beetles.

+ Treat the soil with pesticides such as Basudin 10H, Marshal 5G, Vifuran 3GR,... or spray when the density is high with one of the pesticides Match 50ND, Bull Star 262.5EC... according to the recommended dosage.

2.2. Cavity

+ Use sweet and sour bait to kill pests.

+ Plant sunflowers to attract adults to lay eggs, then remove the egg nests and destroy newly hatched worms.

+ When the density reaches the control threshold, pesticides should be used for spraying, such as: Ofatox 40EC, Fastac 5EC... according to the recommended dose. Priority should be given to using biological drugs and biological preparations.

2.3. Peanut aphids.

When the bed bug density reaches the control threshold, it is necessary to use chemicals to spray such as: Ofatox 50EC, Trebon 10EC... according to the recommended dose.

2.4. Leaf roller.

+ Organize catching worms by manual means.

+ Use chemical drugs such as Match 50ND or drugs with biological active ingredients Ebamectin, Abamectin... according to recommended doses.

2.5. Bacterial wilt (Caused by Pseudomonas solanacerum bacteria).

+ Clean the field, remove and destroy diseased plants.

+ Use varieties resistant to wilt disease.

2.6. Root rot disease (Caused by the fungus Rhizoctonia Solani)

+ Soil treatment with lime powder.

+ When the disease first appears, use Rovral 50WP, Ridomil... according to the recommended dose.

2.7. Ring spot and rust disease.

When the disease first appears, if the weather conditions are favorable, spray immediately with one of the following pesticides: Opus 75 EC, Carbenda 50SC, Polyram 80DF, Mancozeb 80WP, Sumi Eight 12.5WP, Folicur 250EW, 250WG...

2.8. Tuber diseases.

Using Trichoderma antagonistic fungi, EM preparation composted with manure as basal fertilizer to create many beneficial microorganisms in the soil, inhibiting and limiting the harmful growth of soil fungi that damage peanut tubers.

Nguyen Huy Khanh (Plant Protection Center of Region 4)