Prevention of pests and diseases in late season rice.

(Baonghean.vn) -Currently, 90,000 hectares of Summer-Autumn rice are in the final stages of panicle initiation, panicle embracing, flowering, and wax ripening. In addition, localities are also actively planting winter crops such as peanuts, corn, and sesame. However, pests and diseases continue to arise in the fields.

Head of the provincial Plant Protection Department - Mr. Nguyen Tien Duc said: Currently, on the winter-spring rice area in the final stage of panicle initiation - panicle embracing - ripening - waxy ripening, brown planthoppers and white-backed planthoppers are arising and causing damage with a common density of 50-100 individuals/m2, in some high places 700 - 1,500 individuals/m2, in Yen Thanh district there are some spots up to 3,000 - 5,000 individuals/m2. Currently, the area infected with planthoppers in the whole province is 108 hectares, of which 4 hectares are heavily infected, concentrated in Yen Thanh, Quy Hop, and Que Phong districts. Sheath blight disease also arises and causes damage on 2,367 hectares, of which 50 hectares are heavily infected, with a common disease rate of 3 - 5%, in some high places 30 - 50%. In addition, black-striped dwarf disease has also appeared in Yen Thanh, Tan Ky, and Quy Chau districts with a common disease rate of 3-5%, and in some high places 15-20%, with a total infected area of ​​2.3 hectares.

Along with over 118.5 hectares damaged by rats, the winter-spring rice area in the whole province is also affected by other pests such as bacterial streak (infecting over 162 hectares of rice in Quy Hop district, of which 58 hectares are moderately infected); leaf blight (69 hectares, of which 8.5 hectares are severely infected, concentrated in districts such as Quynh Luu, Nghia Dan, ...); In addition, stink bugs damage over 117 hectares of rice at the milky stage with a common density of 3-5 insects/m2, in high places over 10-12 insects/m2; grain smut disease damages over 404.6 hectares, of which 37.7 hectares are severely infected. Some pests such as locusts, stem borers, brown spots, small leaf rollers ... arise and cause local damage in some areas.

Localities have sprayed and prevented diseases on 887 hectares infected with various types of planthoppers, and over 54 hectares infected with bacterial stripe disease. However, according to the forecast of the Plant Protection Department, in the coming time, pests and diseases will continue to affect the area of ​​​​autumn rice in the province. Black-striped dwarf disease, brown planthoppers - white-backed planthoppers will continue to arise and cause damage, the 6th generation of small leaf rollers will arise and cause local damage on some areas of summer rice at the stage of heading - embracing the panicle; the 5th generation of 2-spotted stem borers will arise and cause local damage on some areas of summer rice. In particular, brown spot disease will increase in both the level and scope of damage, especially on densely planted fields, high nitrogen fertilization,... Bacterial stripe disease and bacterial leaf blight are likely to increase in the rate and level of damage, especially on hybrid rice varieties, deep fields, fields with unbalanced fertilizer, and excess nitrogen fertilization; Long stink bugs continue to appear and cause damage on some rice fields in the flowering and milky stages.

To limit damage caused by pests, localities need to strictly implement specific recommendations of the agricultural sector for each type of pest. For small leaf rollers, it is necessary to assign staff to closely follow the development of the 6th generation of larvae in the fields to advise and coordinate prevention and control in areas with high pest density. For brown planthoppers and white-backed planthoppers, it is necessary to advise and direct farmers to prevent them in areas with a density of 1,500 planthoppers/m2 for rice areas from the flowering period and before and 2,000 planthoppers/m2 or more for rice areas at the flowering period using systemic and conductive pesticides such as: Elsin 10EC, Oshin 20WP, Dantotsu 16 WSG, Chess 50 WG, Sutin 50 SC, ... Particularly for areas after flowering to green maturity with a high density of planthoppers of 3,000 planthoppers/m2 or more, it is necessary to use pesticides with contact and fumigation effects such as Bassa 50 EC, Victory 585 EC, Penalty gold 40 EC, ... to spray. When spraying, it is necessary to pay attention to ensure the recommended amount of pesticide and spray evenly on the entire rice stem and leaves. In particular, when detecting symptoms of black-striped dwarf disease, it is necessary to inspect, surround and spray to kill planthoppers (if there is a high density of planthoppers) and uproot and destroy diseased plants to limit the spread of the disease. Rice areas infected with brown spot disease with a rate of 10% or more need to be instructed to prevent it with one of the following drugs: Valydacin 3-5L, Cavil 50SC, Vida 5WP, Jinggangmeisu 5-10 WP,... For fields with severe disease, spray a second time 5-7 days after the first time.

According to Mr. Nguyen Tien Duc, during the period from rice heading to milk stage, if the density of stink bugs is from 5-6 insects/m2 or more, localities and farmers need to organize spraying with one of the following drugs: Bassa 50EC, Pastac 5EC, Ofatox 400EC; Decis 2.5EC,... in the early morning or cool afternoon. For leaf blight and stripe spots, it is necessary to proactively spray when bacterial droplets appear (disease spots have not yet clearly formed) with one of the following drugs: Xanthomix 20WP, Sasa 20WP, Kasumin 2L, Bonny 4SL... and spray again after 7-10 days to limit the disease from arising and developing. At the same time, spray to prevent grain smut on rice areas with cloudy weather, prolonged rain, etc. with one of the following drugs: Tiltsuper 300ND, Nativo 750WG, Folicur 250EC, Picoraz 490EC, etc. at the time when the rice begins to emerge (1-3% emergence). If the weather continues to be unfavorable, spray again a second time after the rice emerges.

Phu Huong