Create a breakthrough in productivity and quality

(Baonghean) -Every year, through many different channels, many models, scientific and technological advances, and initiatives are transferred to farmers. The effects of these applications bring a new look to agriculture and rural areas. They change the lives, thinking, and working methods of farmers.

We visited the mushroom growing model in hamlet 6, Dien Xuan commune. The group consists of 6 people, established in September 2012. After a training course of the Provincial Agricultural Extension Center, with the support mechanism of the district, the production group was born. After 1 year of operation, with 7 tons of raw straw, the group produced nearly 1 ton of mushrooms of all kinds, sold for 37,700,000 VND. After deducting expenses of 9.4 million VND, each person received more than 4.7 million VND. Due to the small area, there are no conditions to expand, the initial income is still modest, but it shows that this is a profession that brings high economic efficiency, raw materials are available, taking advantage of the time when farming is idle. According to Ms. Nguyen Thi Hoa, the group leader, mushroom growing is a new profession, requiring high techniques, having to monitor the weather, temperature, and humidity to adjust accordingly. At first, we were unfamiliar with it, but later, when we mastered the production process, it seemed normal like other jobs such as growing corn or raising pigs. The group is planning to expand the area by 3-4 times to increase income for the group members.

Mushroom growing model brings economic efficiency in Dien Xuan (Dien Chau).

According to Mr. Phan Huy Hao, Deputy Head of the Agricultural Extension Station, every year from the budget of the province, district, programs, projects... the station organizes training classes to transfer production models and technical advances for people to apply in production. Many models have been successfully transferred, such as mushroom growing techniques, and the district is now planning to replicate them. There are also models that have been successfully transferred, but have not been effective because there is no market... The transfer training programs not only promote effectiveness, but more importantly, fundamentally change the way farmers think and work. Bring them access to scientific and technical advances, apply them in production, increase efficiency, and improve their lives.


Mr. Nguyen Van Thang, Director of the Provincial Agricultural Extension Center, said: Every year, with the budget from the Central and local levels, the center transfers dozens of production models to farmers. Most of these models are showing good results. Before the 1990s, hybrid rice had not appeared, the average yield in the whole province was only 2.4 tons/ha. Thanks to scientific and technical advances in hybrid rice varieties, through training programs to transfer cultivation techniques, farmers have made a "leap" in agriculture. If, in 1993, the area of ​​hybrid rice in the whole province was only 1,058 hectares, by 2012 it had increased to 80,000 hectares. The average yield increased from 2.4 tons to 5.2 tons/ha (an increase of 2.1 times). The corn area in 2012 reached 55,789 hectares, an increase of 2.29 times compared to 1993; Productivity reached over 3.5 tons/ha, double that of 2000.

Applying scientific advances to agricultural production, contributing to the restructuring of crops and livestock, replacing low-income crops with high-income crops, bringing high economic efficiency such as: intensive cultivation of winter corn on 2-rice land. Developing commercial cattle and buffalo breeding associated with planting, processing and storing food. Building specialized industrial crop areas to serve processing factories, such as sugarcane (standing sugarcane area reaches nearly 29,000 hectares), tea 7,000 hectares... Introducing high-yield sugarcane and tea varieties into intensive cultivation, gradually improving quality and increasing efficiency per unit area.

In the field of aquaculture, the breakthrough brought about by science and technology is also evident. Before the 1980s, shrimp farming in our province was mostly extensive farming. With the support of the Fisheries industry, local breeding facilities successfully bred giant tiger prawns. With the initiative in breeding sources, the industrial shrimp farming movement developed nearly 2,000 hectares/year. The productivity is constantly increasing. The effectiveness of shrimp farming is that many billionaire farmers have appeared. After giant tiger prawns, the successful experiment of white-leg shrimp farming has brought shrimp farming to a new era. With an average farming yield of 5 tons/ha (many households with good intensive farming skills achieve 10-15 tons/ha). Shrimp is truly the "livestock" that makes farmers rich.

From the successful application of scientific and technical measures to create shrimp seeds, seed production facilities have researched and successfully reproduced high-value seafood such as crabs, sea bass, goby fish, etc., diversifying livestock and bringing high economic efficiency.

In recent times, the transfer of scientific and technological advances in agriculture has created a breakthrough in productivity and quality of crops and livestock, moving towards commodity production. However, for agriculture to develop sustainably and bring high economic efficiency, the role of the "four houses" connection needs to be further promoted. Currently, only the role of scientists and farmers is clear. One side organizes research and builds transfer models, the other side receives and implements models, and the initial results have been effective. The role of enterprises is almost absent, and local authorities at all levels have not been really drastic and effective. This lack of synchronization and connection has created a situation of surplus goods, price pressure, leading to losses for producers.

Currently, mushroom growing is developing strongly in localities such as Yen Thanh, Dien Chau... but people are still not confident in production, because there is no stable output, products are being sold on the market, so farmers do not dare to develop. If we can link with businesses to consume products, authorities at all levels have policies to help build and promote brands, support the construction of processing facilities..., farmers will feel secure in investing in production development. If so, mushroom growing will certainly develop quickly, becoming a profession that brings stable income to farmers. To develop the mushroom growing industry, Hai Duong province has spent more than 60 billion VND to build processing facilities, supporting farmers in production. This can be used as a lesson to help mushroom growing develop in our province. Similarly, other crops and livestock in our province are currently being produced in the same situation as mushroom growing.

Mr. Tuan