Common and dangerous diseases children are susceptible to in hot weather

Hot summer makes children's resistance weaker and more susceptible to illness than usual. Parents need to know to prevent it for their children.

In the summer, the temperature is high, the body loses a lot of water, gets tired easily, and has poor resistance to disease, so it is very susceptible to infection. In children, due to poor resistance and an incomplete immune system, in the hot season there is a high risk of contracting a number of dangerous diseases. Preventing diseases that are easy to get in the summer for children is very important. Parents need to know to prevent them for their children.

1. Dengue fever

According to statistics from the Ministry of Health, up to this point, the country has had nearly 80,000 cases of dengue fever, including 22 deaths. More worryingly, there are many types of the disease, so if a child has contracted the disease, there is still a risk of recurrence, even more severe. Therefore, many parents are subjective, allowing their children to be hospitalized late, leading to death.

Frequent mosquito bites can cause dengue fever in children.

The basic signs to recognize the disease are high fever, bleeding under the skin revealing red spots, red spots or bruises or nosebleeds, bleeding gums, abdominal pain, fatigue, lethargy, restlessness, cold hands and feet, little urine which may be accompanied by vomiting or bloody stools.

Children should be taken to the hospital if they are suspected of having dengue fever. Absolutely do not treat at home because it can leave dangerous complications in the brain and cause death if treatment is delayed.

2. Viral fever

Children often have high fever, body aches, headaches, and may have symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection such as sneezing, runny nose, cough, etc. When having a fever caused by a virus, the fever symptoms can last for several days, and using common fever-reducing drugs does not reduce the body temperature much. After the fever subsides, the child may develop a rash (most commonly caused by the Rubella virus).

The main manifestation is a smooth red rash, usually appearing on the 2nd-4th day of the disease, the rash usually appears sequentially from the head and face down to the trunk and legs and disappears in the same order. In addition, children often have swollen lymph nodes in the neck and nape, these nodes can be painful and last a long time. The disease usually has a benign course in 3-5 days, the main treatment is to reduce fever, replenish electrolytes by oral route, ensure nutrition and take good care of the nose and throat to limit secondary infection.

It is necessary to monitor signs of complications: headache, severe vomiting, impaired consciousness, convulsions... to detect symptoms of encephalitis and need timely treatment.

3. Hand, foot and mouth disease

This disease increases sharply in the summer and often occurs in children under 5 years old. Compared to the same period last year, the number of cases has increased by more than 26%, so parents need to pay attention to this disease to prevent it for their children. Currently, there is no vaccine to prevent the disease, the only way to prevent it is for parents to prevent the disease for their children when the epidemic season comes.

Hand, foot and mouth disease often occurs in children under 5 years old.

Hand, foot and mouth disease can lead to complications such as diarrhea, neurological problems, lung problems... However, according to many records, the disease does not leave serious complications in the brain or limbs like many other diseases.

Common signs of hand, foot and mouth disease are mild fever, loss of appetite, fatigue, sore throat, stomachache, blisters in the mouth, and red rash on the hands, feet, and buttocks. The rash is 2-5 cm in size, dark gray in the middle, and oval in shape. When sick, children lose their appetite and do not eat because of mouth pain, so parents should give their children soft, cool foods to reduce their pain.

The rash is usually painless and not itchy but can last for 10 days. The disease can recur many times due to many strains of virus, so parents need to pay attention to their child's hygiene.

4. Japanese encephalitis B

The hot summer is an opportunity for Japanese encephalitis B to appear and has a high potential for outbreaks. Japanese encephalitis B is caused by the Arbo virus. The virus is transmitted from animals to humans by mosquitoes. The disease occurs mainly in children under 15 years old (accounting for over 90% of cases), most of whom are children from 1-5 years old, but adults can also get the disease (if they are not immune).

The disease has a fairly high mortality rate or leaves severe neurological sequelae. Common symptoms are: high fever, headache, vomiting, impaired consciousness, convulsions and then rapid coma. Some cases have neurological paralysis. When children show symptoms of the disease, they need to be quickly taken to a medical facility for examination and treatment to limit the mortality rate and sequelae later. This is a quite dangerous disease if not detected and treated promptly. Vaccination is the most effective measure to prevent Japanese encephalitis B.

5. Meningococcal meningitis

In the summer, parents need to pay attention to meningococcal meningitis. Although the number of patients is not much, this is an acute infectious disease that can lead to death or leave many other serious sequelae. The disease spreads through the respiratory tract, so it is a dangerous warning, and can be fatal within 24 hours of onset.

The disease mainly appears in children under 1 year old and young children. Signs include fever, refusal to breastfeed, fussiness, restlessness, groaning, extreme fatigue, dislike of being held, nausea, diarrhea, photophobia, lethargy, convulsions, rash with red spots or bruises...

The disease is very dangerous, so when you see signs of illness in your child, you need to get emergency care immediately.

6. Acute diarrhea

Acute diarrhea can occur at any age, but 80% occur in children under 2 years old. The cause of diarrhea can be pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria (dysentery, typhoid, cholera...) or viruses, fungi, intestinal parasites. Acute diarrhea is often caused by eating contaminated food or drinking water or coming into contact with the feces of people with acute diarrhea.

Symptoms: children defecate 10-15 times/day, loose stools, lots of water, sour smell, sometimes with mucus and blood; Vomit continuously or several times a day, often vomit after eating; Children lose appetite, drink a lot of water, urinate less; May have symptoms of respiratory tract infection such as cough, runny nose, examination shows acute pharyngitis, rash.

Acute diarrhea in children, if not treated promptly, can lead to dangerous complications. Prolonged condition makes the body unable to absorb nutrients and the body becomes weak and immune system is reduced.

According to SK&DS