Diet for people with dyslipidemia

Diet plays an important role in the treatment of dyslipidemia to prevent atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease with the following principles.

Reduce fat (lipid) intake

Depending on BMI, fat should only account for 15 - 20% of total energy with the following ratio: saturated fat accounts for 1/3 of total fat, 1/3 is polyunsaturated fatty acids and the remaining 1/3 is monounsaturated fatty acids.

You should use peanut oil, olive oil, soybean oil instead of lard and should eat oily seeds such as sesame, peanuts, chestnuts, pumpkin seeds to provide unsaturated fatty acids with many double bonds Omega-3, Omega-6. If possible, you should supplement with natural fish oil because it contains many unsaturated fatty acids.

Eliminate foods high in saturated fats such as butter, lard, and meat broth.

Reduce your cholesterol intake to less than 250 mg/day by not eating foods high in cholesterol such as: brain (2,500 mg), cow testicles (400 mg), pig testicles (375 mg), pig liver (300 mg), chicken liver (440 mg). Limiting these foods helps reduce the amount of cholesterol in your diet. Egg yolks are high in cholesterol, but also contain a lot of lecithin (a substance that regulates cholesterol metabolism in the body). Therefore, people with high blood cholesterol do not need to completely abstain from eggs, but should only eat eggs 1-2 times/week, 1 egg each time.

Increase protein intake

Eat lean meats such as skinless chicken, lean beef, pork loin, fish, beans. Eat products made from soybeans: soy milk, tofu, bean curd, soybean powder, soy yogurt, etc. Soy foods with high levels of phytoestrogen or isoflavones significantly reduce total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) and triglycerides (which increase the risk of atherosclerosis).

The US FDA has recommended: To reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, you should consume less than 25g of soybeans per day in any form. In addition, you should not consume too much protein compared to normal because it will lead to other metabolic disorders, you should only eat about 1/6 (15%) more than normal.

Reduce the energy of the diet step by step, each week reducing about 30 kcal compared to the patient's diet until reaching the energy corresponding to the BMI level. It is necessary to monitor BMI and weight to adjust the total calorie intake monthly or quarterly to prevent losing weight too quickly or too much. Losing weight too quickly and too much will make the body tired, weak and can be dangerous to health.

The role of fiber

Fiber is like a broom that sweeps cholesterol and toxins out of the body. Daily meals must include fresh vegetables and fruits. You should eat a variety of vegetables and fruits. When you have high blood pressure or high cholesterol, you should eat more fresh vegetables and fruits to supplement vitamins, especially potassium to help lower blood pressure and fiber to help lower blood cholesterol.

The role of polyunsaturated fatty acids

In recent years, there have been many studies and evidences of the positive role of Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids in reducing blood cholesterol and preventing cardiovascular diseases. Fish and fish oil contain a lot of Omega-3 fatty acids such as EPA (Eicosapentaenoic), DHA (Docosahessaenoic), vegetable oils (soybean oil, corn oil, sesame oil) are rich in Omega-6 fatty acids.

Many studies have shown that the above fatty acids not only reduce cholesterol but also have a good effect in preventing arrhythmia, thrombosis and contributing to regulating blood pressure. Therefore, to reduce blood cholesterol, you should eat fish 2-3 times/week, use vegetable oil in the form of salad dressing or stir-fry food (add oil and stir well before removing the pot of food from the stove).

Above is a nutritional regimen for people with dyslipidemia to refer to in order to improve the condition.

According to VNN